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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and National Library of Medicine (NLM) solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/ organizations that propose to develop predictive multiscale models of the physiome in health and disease.

-The Organ Systems Branch of the Office of Centers, Training, and Resources, Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, invites grant applications for Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPOREs) in organ-specific cancers.This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) targets applicant institutions with demonstrated ability to conduct translational research in the prevention, etiology, screening, diagnosis, and/or treatment of human cancer.Applications may address cancer in any organ site, but each application must be organ site specific.Examples of organ sites include (but are not limited to) leukemias, lymphomas, myelomas, brain, breast, gastrointestinal (GI) system, genitourinary (GU) system, gynecologic (GYN) system, head & neck, lung, ovary, pancreas, prostate, skin, oral cavity & pharynx, bones, joints, soft tissue, eye & orbit, and endocrine system.Applicants are encouraged to consult with the NCI program staff members regarding the choice of cancer organ site.Translational research, as defined by the NCI, uses knowledge of human biology to develop and test the feasibility of cancer-relevant interventions in humans and/or determines the biological basis for observations made in individuals with cancer or in populations at risk for cancer. -Required components of a SPORE grant application include a minimum of four translational research projects, one or more cores, and developmental research and career development programs.A required core in a SPORE is a human cancer tissue core for the particular organ site that will benefit translational research. -SPOREs are designed to foster extended collaborations in critical areas of research among laboratory and clinical or applied scientists.Every SPORE is expected to have a robust research base in the respective cancer type, good access to patient populations, and substantial commitment from the applicant institution.Inter-SPORE collaborations and collaborations between SPOREs and other NIH programs are strongly encouraged.Each SPORE and the "network" of SPOREs are expected to conduct research that will have the most immediate impact possible on reducing incidence and mortality of human cancer.

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a program announcement (PA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Eye Institute (NEI), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH). The aim of this FOA is to invite applications to study angiogenesis in the nervous system.Specific areas of research this FOA seeks to encourage include study of the mechanisms controlling angiogenic responses to physiological and pathological stimuli, the development and patterning of nervous system vasculature, and the etiology of disorders affecting development and/or ongoing angiogenesis in nervous system vasculature. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-016, that encourages applications under the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant award mechanism. Please note that NIDDK is not participating in the companion R21 FOA. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a program announcement (PA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Eye Institute (NEI), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH). The aim of this FOA is to invite applications to study angiogenesis in the nervous system.Specific areas of research this FOA seeks to encourage include study of the mechanisms controlling angiogenic responses to physiological and pathological stimuli, the development and patterning of nervous system vasculature, and the etiology of disorders affecting development and/or ongoing angiogenesis in nervous system vasculature. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-015, that encourages applications under the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism. Please note that NIMH is not participating in the companion R01 FOA. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, encourages Research Program Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to study the ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) of human genome research. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-013 that encourages applications under the small research grant (R03) mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. Biomedical research laboratories increasingly undertake a software development project to solve a problem of interest specifically related to that laboratory. These software packages sometimes become useful to a much broader community of users that can include translational and clinical researchers. The goal of this program announcement is to support the continued development, maintenance, testing and evaluation of existing software. The proposed work should apply best practices and proven methods for software design, construction, and implementation to extend the applicability of existing biomedical informatics/computational biology software to a broader biomedical research community. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon number, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. The NIH invites applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Research Centers of Excellence (U54s). The overall mission of the CounterACT Research Network is to develop new and improved medical countermeasures against chemical threats (see http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/research/counterterrorism/index.htm). Chemical threats include pulmonary agents such as chlorine, industrial chemicals such as cyanide, and nerve agents such as sarin.Unlike the previous CounterACT Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs), research on sulfur mustard countermeasures will not be supported by this announcement.Each new CounterACT Center of Excellence will be composed of an administrative core, three scientifically related research and development sub-projects, and one scientific core if needed and justified.This RFA announces a limited competition: Two of the three subprojects within the new Center must be Cooperative Agreement Research Projects (U01s) or SBIR Projects (U44s) that are already funded by CounterACT.The third sub-project can also be another previously-funded CounterACT U01 or U44, or it can be a new project that is fully integrated into the other projects and Center objectives. Applicants must demonstrate that the formation of a new Center will provide synergism to the overall goal of countermeasure development.One or two new specific aims within the previously-funded projects may be supported to help meet this requirement.

-Purpose. The NIH invites applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Advanced Development Cooperative Agreements (U01s).The overall mission of the CounterACT Research Network is to develop new and improved medical countermeasures against chemical threats (see http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/research/counterterrorism/index.htm). These include pulmonary agents such as chlorine, industrial chemicals such as cyanide, and nerve agents such as sarin.Unlike the previous CounterACT Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs), sulfur mustard research will not be supported by this announcement, research on diagnostic technologies will not be supported, and the focus will be on therapies that can be used after exposure to a chemical threat as opposed to pre-exposure prophylactic treatments.The expected outcome of each of these accelerated three-year projects is a lead compound or validated model for screening relevant therapeutics. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Research Project Cooperative Agreement (U01) award mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.The NIH intends to commit approximately $2.5 million in Fiscal Year 2008 to fund 4-6 CounterACT research projects as cooperative agreements (U01s).Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. This purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop and commercialize technologies for high throughput data acquisition and analysis that could aid the research fields of basic behavioral science, neuroscience or neuroAIDS relevant to the missions of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-002, that solicits applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this FOA, budgets up to $300,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $500,000 total costs per year and up to 3 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. This purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop and commercialize technologies for high throughput data acquisition and analysis that could aid the research fields of basic behavioral science, neuroscience or neuroAIDS, relevant to the missions of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-001, that solicits applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this FOA, budgets up to $300,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $500,000 total costs per year and up to 3 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.