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-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, encourages Research Program Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to study the ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) of human genome research. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-013 that encourages applications under the small research grant (R03) mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. Biomedical research laboratories increasingly undertake a software development project to solve a problem of interest specifically related to that laboratory. These software packages sometimes become useful to a much broader community of users that can include translational and clinical researchers. The goal of this program announcement is to support the continued development, maintenance, testing and evaluation of existing software. The proposed work should apply best practices and proven methods for software design, construction, and implementation to extend the applicability of existing biomedical informatics/computational biology software to a broader biomedical research community. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon number, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. The NIH invites applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Research Centers of Excellence (U54s). The overall mission of the CounterACT Research Network is to develop new and improved medical countermeasures against chemical threats (see http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/research/counterterrorism/index.htm). Chemical threats include pulmonary agents such as chlorine, industrial chemicals such as cyanide, and nerve agents such as sarin.Unlike the previous CounterACT Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs), research on sulfur mustard countermeasures will not be supported by this announcement.Each new CounterACT Center of Excellence will be composed of an administrative core, three scientifically related research and development sub-projects, and one scientific core if needed and justified.This RFA announces a limited competition: Two of the three subprojects within the new Center must be Cooperative Agreement Research Projects (U01s) or SBIR Projects (U44s) that are already funded by CounterACT.The third sub-project can also be another previously-funded CounterACT U01 or U44, or it can be a new project that is fully integrated into the other projects and Center objectives. Applicants must demonstrate that the formation of a new Center will provide synergism to the overall goal of countermeasure development.One or two new specific aims within the previously-funded projects may be supported to help meet this requirement.

-Purpose. This purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop and commercialize technologies for high throughput data acquisition and analysis that could aid the research fields of basic behavioral science, neuroscience or neuroAIDS relevant to the missions of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-002, that solicits applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this FOA, budgets up to $300,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $500,000 total costs per year and up to 3 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. This purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop and commercialize technologies for high throughput data acquisition and analysis that could aid the research fields of basic behavioral science, neuroscience or neuroAIDS, relevant to the missions of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-001, that solicits applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this FOA, budgets up to $300,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $500,000 total costs per year and up to 3 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. The NIH invites applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Advanced Development Cooperative Agreements (U01s).The overall mission of the CounterACT Research Network is to develop new and improved medical countermeasures against chemical threats (see http://www.ninds.nih.gov/funding/research/counterterrorism/index.htm). These include pulmonary agents such as chlorine, industrial chemicals such as cyanide, and nerve agents such as sarin.Unlike the previous CounterACT Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs), sulfur mustard research will not be supported by this announcement, research on diagnostic technologies will not be supported, and the focus will be on therapies that can be used after exposure to a chemical threat as opposed to pre-exposure prophylactic treatments.The expected outcome of each of these accelerated three-year projects is a lead compound or validated model for screening relevant therapeutics. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Research Project Cooperative Agreement (U01) award mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.The NIH intends to commit approximately $2.5 million in Fiscal Year 2008 to fund 4-6 CounterACT research projects as cooperative agreements (U01s).Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-The National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Research Education grant is a flexible and specialized mechanism designed to foster the development of neuroscience researchers through creative and innovative educational programs. Programs that focus on preparing diversity researchers in cross-disciplinary integration of neuroscience, including basic, translational, behavioral, prevention, clinical, and treatment research are encouraged. -Of particular interest are educational experiences that will attract, train, and further the career development of underrepresented biomedical scientists to improve the diversity of the research workforce relevant to the mission of NINDS.The NIH expects efforts to diversify the workforce to lead to the recruitment of the most talented researchers from all groups; such candidates include individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups, individuals with disabilities, and individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds and will be referred to below as diversity research scientists or diversity trainees. -This mechanism of support is not to be used to substitute the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award training and fellowship mechanisms and policies supported by the NIH.

-The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) invites applications from qualified investigators to participate in a multi-center cooperative research network to advance our understanding of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromes (UCPPS) (this terminology is used solely for the purposes of this funding initiative) associated with the bladder (i.e. interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome, IC/PBS) and the prostate gland (i.e. chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, CP/CPPS). This program will be named the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network. -The overall purpose of the MAPP Network is to conduct multi-disciplinary, collaborative, multi-site basic, translational, and clinical research addressing UCPPS. It is anticipated that these studies will increase our understanding of the pathophysiology, biologic and behavioral risk factors, natural history, and genetics of UCPPS. An important focus of the MAPP Network will be investigation of the biologic and behavioral relationships between IC/PBS and CP/CPPS and other frequently related symptom-based conditions. Related chronic pain syndromes of primary interest of this Network are fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic fatigue syndrome which have sufficient scientific evidence.Epidemiologic evidence is less compelling for vulvodynia and migraine headache, but these may be studied if adequate scientific justification is provided. The ultimate aim is to provide findings useful for development of future prevention or treatment strategies. -Studies conducted by the MAPP Network will be carried out by basic, translational, and clinical investigators who possess diverse but complementary expertise.Substantive collaboration among all investigators is required. Experienced investigators, investigators new to the field, and investigators with a broad range of expertise who may contribute substantially to the goals of this program, are strongly encouraged to apply.

-Purpose. Proteomics technologies and methods remain largely inadequate, particularly with respect to quantitative and real time measurements. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose the development of broadly applicable research tools that address the core technical challenges in proteomics and glycomics. This includes but is not restricted to robotics, sample preparation and pre-fractionation, analytical separations, gel and array imaging, quantitation, mass spectrometry, intelligent automated data acquisition, and improved informatics technologies. Technologies that address the unique needs of glycomics and clinical proteomics, described in Section II.I.1 (Research Objectives) are of particular interest. -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-07-452, that solicits applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this funding opportunity, budgets up to $200,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $400,000 total costs per year and up to 4 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. Proteomics technologies and methods remain largely inadequate, particularly with respect to quantitative and real time measurements. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovation Research (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose the development of broadly applicable research tools that address the core technical challenges in proteomics and glycomics. This includes but is not restricted to robotics, sample preparation and pre-fractionation, analytical separations, gel and array imaging, quantitation, mass spectrometry, intelligent automated data acquisition, and improved informatics technologies. Technologies that address the unique needs of glycomics and clinical proteomics, described in Section II.I.1 (Research Objectives) are of particular interest. -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-07-451, that solicits applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For this funding opportunity, budgets up to $200,000 total costs per year and time periods up to 2 years for Phase I may be requested. Budgets up to $400,000 total costs per year and up to 4 years may be requested for Phase II. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.