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-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), the National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), solicits research grant applications to study neuroimmune molecules and mechanisms involved in regulating normal and pathological central nervous system (CNS) function. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-06-533, that solicits applications under the Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism. Applications of related or identical scientific scope are also solicited under the Small Research Grant (R03) award mechanism in response to FOA PA-06-180. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose.Insomnia Disorder affects approximately 10% of adults in the U.S. and results in decreased work and academic performance, increased risk of accidents, increased health care costs, and increased risk of depression and other mental disorders.Given the public health significance of this problem, the NIH State-of-the-Science Conference on Manifestations and Management of Chronic Insomnia in Adults was held in June, 2005.The resulting conference statement outlined what is currently known and identified important future directions for insomnia-related research.The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to encourage research that addresses the research needs outlined in this conference statement.Recommended areas for future research include genetic and neurobiologic mechanisms of insomnia, longitudinal studies of incidence and course of insomnia, improved measures of daytime functioning and quality of life resulting from insomnia, studies of insomnia in special populations, the impact of insomnia on the development of other disorders including depression, drug abuse, and chronic diseases, and the development and evaluation of treatment approaches and their dissemination.Research that translates basic science findings into novel clinical approaches is particularly encouraged.

-Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) is to invite grant applications to expand basic and translational research, including intervention research, on the types, nature, and functional consequences of focal or specific cognitive deficits experienced by persons with central nervous system disorders.The Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) joins this PA as part of its efforts to promote research on the behavioral and social aspects of health and illness.However, only participating ICs will provide direct grant support under this FOA. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-07-034, that solicits applications under the R03 mechanism, and PA-07-035 that solicits applications under the R21 mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. The goal of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage research that will improve the quality and scientific power of data collected in the behavioral and social sciences, relevant to the missions of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers. -The participating NIH Institutes and Centers invite qualified researchers to submit research grant applications aimed at improving and developing methodology and measurement in the behavioral and social sciences through innovations in research design, data collection techniques, measurement, and data analysis techniques. -Research that addresses methodology and measurement issues in diverse populations, issues in studying sensitive behaviors, issues of ethics in research, issues related to confidential data and the protection of research subjects, and issues in developing interdisciplinary, multimethod, and multilevel approaches to behavioral and social science research is particularly encouraged, as are approaches that integrate behavioral and social science research with biological, physical, or computational science research or engineering.

-Purpose. The Research Project Grant (R01) is an award made to an institution/organization to support a discrete, specified, circumscribed project to be performed by the named investigator(s) in areas representing the specific interests and competencies of the investigator(s). The R01 research plan proposed by the applicant institution/organization must be related to the stated program interests of one or more of the NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) based on descriptions of their programs. All research project grant applications described in this announcement will be assigned to NIH ICs according to standard Public Health Service (PHS) referral guidelines and specific program interests. Investigators are encouraged to consult the participating NIH ICs and their Web sites (see http://www.nih.gov/icd). -Mechanism of Support. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will use the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications selected for award.

-The primary purposes of the Mind-body and Health Research Infrastructure Program are to provide resources to support and advance research that will improve the understanding of mind-body interactions and health, facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration among investigators conducting health-related mind-body research, and promote innovative approaches to mind-body and health research questions. An additional goal is to facilitate interaction among scientists in locations throughout the United States in order to contribute to the integration and coordination of mind-body and health research. -The total amount to be awarded: $3 million -The anticipated number of awards: 3

-Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) is to invite grant applications to expand basic and translational research, including intervention research, on the types, nature, and functional consequences of focal or specific cognitive deficits experienced by persons with central nervous system disorders.The OBSSR joins this FOA as part of its efforts to promote research on the behavioral and social aspects of health and illness.However, only participating ICs will provide direct grant support under this FOA. -Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the R21 grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-07-033, that solicits applications under the R01 mechanism and which will be issued at a later date, and PA-07-034 that solicits applications under the R03 mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) invite applications from investigators willing to participate in a cooperative research network designed to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in children and young adults. -The Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet) currently consists of five academic centers were selected from among respondents to a previous announcement (RFA-HD-01-009) to support a network focusing on glucose monitoring in children. This RFA serves to expand the mission of DirecNet. The network will use new tools to evaluate factors and mechanisms contributing to hypoglycemia and will set up clinical trials to test novel therapies, prevention strategies and devices designed to focus on hypoglycemia prevention for individuals with type1 diabetes. -It is anticipated that a maximum of five awards for Clinical Centers (CCs) and one award for a Data Coordinating Center (DCC) will be made. Approximately $2 million (total costs) [Direct plus Facilities and Administrative (F & A) costs] will be appropriated from the Balanced Budget Act Funds for Type 1 Diabetes. This commitment is contingent upon the availability of funds.

The objective of this funding opportunity announcement is to help ensure that highly trained scientists will be available in adequate numbers and in appropriate research areas to carry out the Nations biomedical, behavioral, and clinical research agenda.The participating Institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provide individual predoctoral research training fellowship awards to promising doctoral candidates who have the potential to become productive, independent investigators in research fields relevant to the missions of these participating NIH Institutes and Centers.

Purpose. The NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research is a framework to enhance cooperative activities among the NIH Office of the Director and 15 NIH Institutes and Centers that support research on the nervous system. By pooling resources and expertise, the Blueprint takes advantage of economies of scale, confronts challenges too large for any single Institute or Center, and develops research tools and infrastructure that serve the entire neuroscience community. In FY 2007, the Blueprint is focusing on neurodegeneration. Mechanism of Support. This funding opportunity will utilize the Exploratory/Developmental (R21) to solicit grant applications from applicant organizations that propose to develop biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The participating organizations intend to commit a total of $2,750,000 to this FOA for payment of applications responsive to this announcement. The anticipated number of awards is 12-14. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.