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The NIA, NIAAA, NIDCD, NIDA, NIEHS, NIMH, NINDS, and the ODS are interested in supporting individual predoctoral fellowships for combined MD/PhD training in research areas relevant to the mission of the participating Institutes. - The amount of the award will be determined by the Ruth L. Kirschstein-National Research Service Award (Kirschstein-NRSA) predoctoral award guidelines. The number of awards will depend upon the quality of the applications received, available funds, and each Institute's programmatic priorities. - This PA uses the Individual Kirschstein-NRSA F30 award mechanism. - Eligible organizations include domestic institutions/organizations; for-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions such as universities, colleges, hospital, and laboratories; and eligible agencies of the Federal government including NIH intramural laboratories. - Candidates for the Kirschstein-NRSA F30 award must be citizens or non-citizen nationals of the United States, or must have been lawfully admitted to the United States for Permanent Residence. Non-citizen nationals are generally persons born in outlying possessions of the United States, i.e. American Samoa and Swains Island. Individuals on temporary or student visas are not eligible. Individuals may apply for the F30 in advance of admission to the United States as a Permanent Resident recognizing that no award will be made until legal verification of Permanent Resident status is provided. - An individual may not have two or more competing NIH fellowship applications pending review concurrently. In addition, the NIH will not accept for review any application that is essentially the same as one already reviewed. This does not preclude the submission of a substantial revision of an application already reviewed, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous critique. - The Kirschstein-NRSA individual fellowship application (PHS 416-1, rev. 06/2002) is available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/forms.htm. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

- The purpose of the Collaborative Neurological Sciences (CNS) Award is to encourage collaborative research investigations among scientists at minority institutions and grantees from leading research laboratories that have NIH or equivalent grant support to conduct neuroscience research. - The CNS award will support an investigator-initiated research project in which the applicant and collaborating neuroscientist(s) work in a clearly defined area of mutual research interest. - Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This PA will use the Minority Biomedical Research Support Thematic Project Grant (S11) funding mechanism. - Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations and public or private academic institutions such as universities and colleges that offer the Ph.D., M.D., and/or equivalent health professional degrees, at which more that 50 percent of the students enrolled are individuals from racial and ethnic groups that have been shown by the National Science Foundation to be underrepresented in health-related sciences on a national basis (see http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/women/start.htm). - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. The applicant principle investigator must be a new investigator who holds a doctoral degree in a basic or clinical neuroscience area, has completed two or more years of formal postdoctoral neuroscience research, and who holds an appointment equivalent to assistant professor at the applicant institution. The collaborating investigator must be a grantee from a research-intensive institution that has current NIH or equivalent support to conduct neuroscience research (e.g., R01, P01). - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) and the National Institute of Dental and Cranofacial Research (NIDCR) invites applications for research projects to improve uptake, stability, processing, and delivery of RNAi specific to target tissues and specific cell types. - The participating Institutes intend to commit approximately $5,600,000 in FY 2006 to fund 13 to 17 new grants in response to this RFA . - This RFA will use the NIH investigator-initiated Research Project Grant (R01) and the Exploratory/Development Research Grant (R21) award mechanisms. - Eligible organizations include: For-profit or non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the federal government, domestic institutions/organizations. Foreign institutions are not eligible to apply. - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney diseases (NIDDK), National Eye Institute (NEI), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and National Institute of Child Health and Human development (NICHD) invite the small business community to apply cutting edge technology to investigate the development of new approaches to predict, prevent, treat, and cure type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and its complications. - The total funds available will be approximately $4,000,000 in FY2006. - The participating institutes intend to fund 6-10 Phase I, Phase II or Fast Track SBIR projects and 2 Phase I, Phase II or Fast Track STTR projects. - Eligibility requirements are described in the SBIR/STTR Omnibus Solicitation (see http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbirsttr1/index.pdf). Only small business concerns are eligible to submit SBIR/STTR applications. A small business concern is one that, on the date of award for both Phase I and Phase II agreements, meets all the criteria as described in the current SBIR/STTR Omnibus Solicitation. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with his/her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals for underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. On an SBIR application, the principal investigator (PI) must have his/her primary employment (more than 50%) with the small business at the time of award and for the duration of the project. The PI on an STTR application may be employed with the small business concern or the participating non-profit research institution as long as he/she has a formal appointment with or commitment to the applicant small business concern, which is characterized by an official relationship between the small business concern and that individual. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The goals of NIH-supported career development programs are to help ensure that a diverse pool of highly trained scientists are available in adequate numbers and in appropriate research areas to address the Nation's biomedical, behavioral, and clinical research needs. - The purpose of the Mentored Patient-Oriented Research (POR) Career Development Award (K23) is to support the career development of investigators who have made a commitment to focus their research endeavors on patient-oriented research.This mechanism provides support for three to five years of supervised study and research for clinically trained professionals who have the potential to develop into productive, clinical investigators focusing on patient-oriented research.Applicants must justify the need for a period of mentored research experience and provide a convincing case that the proposed period of support and career development plan will substantially enhance their careers as independent investigators in patient-oriented research. Clinically trained professionals or individuals with a clinical degree who are interested in further career development in biomedical research that is not patient-oriented should refer to the Mentored Clinical Scientist Career Development (K08) Award (see http://grants.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm on the NIH web site for details). - The K23 application may be submitted on behalf of the candidate (principal investigator) by any domestic for-profit or non-profit institution/organization, or public or private institution, such as universities, colleges, hospitals and laboratories. Foreign institutions are not eligible to apply. - Candidates must be U.S. citizens or non-citizen nationals, or individuals lawfully admitted for permanent residence, who hold a health-professional doctoral degree or its equivalentand can commit a minimum of 75% of full-time professional effort conducting patient-oriented research and relevant career development activities.Receipt of prior support may impact eligibility. - Awards in response to this program announcement will be for a total project period of three, four or five years and are not renewable. Planning, direction, and execution of the proposed career development program and research project will be the responsibility of the applicant and his/her mentor(s). Grants are not transferable from one principal investigator to another. - The amount funded as salary for a career development award is not uniform for the participating ICs; therefore, the applicant is strongly advised to contact the relevant IC for any distinct guidelines, requirements, and allowable funds (see Section VII). - The total amount to be awarded and the number of anticipated awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received as determined by the peer review process, available funds, and program priorities. - The candidate must possess a research or health professional doctoral degree (or its equivalent) suitable for a productive POR career. - The candidate for this K award may not concurrently apply for nor have an award pending for another NIH career development award. Up to two revisions of an application will be accepted. - Applications must be submitted on or before the receipt dates described at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/submissionschedule.htm. - Special Note:The participating NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) may have distinctive guidelines, requirements, and funding amounts for this announcement in order to accommodate the career needs of researchers working in fields related to their specific research missions. Candidates are therefore strongly encouraged to contact the staff person in the relevant Institute or Center listed under Section VII prior to preparing an application to discuss issues of eligibility and review the specific provisions of this award - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired: TTY 301-451-0088.

The goal of this Request for Applications (RFA) from the Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) and cosponsoring Institutes and Offices (IC) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is to solicit applications that support research on the neuroimmune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and spectrum disorders in diverse groups and across the life span. Applications are encouraged from individuals who are part of multidisciplinary teams of scientists studying different aspects of CFS and its spectrum disorders. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome may be linked to dysregulation of at least two physiologic systems important for the maintenance of homeostasis: the central nervous system (CNS) (including the autonomic sympathetic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis [HPA] ) and the immune system. Several mediators may contribute to dysregulation, including activated immune cells, hormones, neurotransmitters, and others. Stress affects the activities of many of these mediators. Physiologic functions altered by stress and the ability to respond to stress likely play a role in the clinical manifestations of CFS. A variety of internal and external stressors lead to altered signaling in the central nervous and the immune systems. Whereas these changes are likely to contribute to or trigger disease symptomotology, they may obscure the original stressor initiating the event.

- The National Institutes of Health (NIH) invites applications for grants to develop and conduct short-term continuing education programs on laboratory research techniques for human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines, and to disseminate course materials and instructional experience to the scientific community. The program should include laboratory and didactic experiences to improve the knowledge and skills of biomedical researchers, and to enable them to maintain, characterize, and utilize hESC lines in basic research projects. Programs will be made available to investigators in research areas of interest to all of the Institutes and Centers of the NIH. - The participating Institutes and Centers plan to commit $975,000 in FY2006 to fund 5 to 7 awards. - The NIH Continuing Education Training Grant (T15) mechanism will be used. Allowable costs differ for this mechanism but are listed in Section IV.6, Other Submission Requirements. - Eligible organizations include: For-profit organizations; non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units of state government; units of local government; eligible agencies of the federal government; foreign institutions; domestic institutions; and faith-based or community-based organizations. - Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and institutional resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to apply for support. Individuals from the underrepresented or disadvantaged groups are always encouraged to apply for NIH opportunities. - While there is normally a limit of one training application, there is no limit on the number of applications that may be submitted to this T15 program provided they are scientifically distinct. - To submit an application, the PHS 398 form and instructions should be used and are available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html in an interactive format. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired: TTY 301-451-0088.

- The Office of Research Integrity (ORI, DHHS), the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR, NIH), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS, NIH), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA, NIH), the National Cancer Institute (NCI, NIH), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA, NIH), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ, DHHS) invite applications to support empirical research on research integrity. Applications must have clear relevance to biomedical, behavioral health sciences, and health services research. Applicants are strongly encouraged to take into consideration problems or issues that have relevance to specific missions of DHHS, AHRQ, or NIH institutes and centers. - Funding for FY is anticipated to be between $1M and $2M. - Funding is anticipated to support 5-10 new R01 awards. Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research may request up to $175,000/year in direct costs for a maximum of two years. Smaller, pilot projects will be considered. - This funding opportunity will use the R01 award mechanism. As an applicant, you will be solely responsible for planning, directing, and executing the proposed project. - Eligible organizations include For profit organizations; Non profit organizations; Public or private institutions such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; Units of State government; Units of local government; Eligible agencies of the Federal government; Domestic Institutions; Faith-based or community-based organizations; and Units of State and Local Tribal government. - Eligible principle investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

- This RFA invites R01 applications for mechanistic studies in clinical trials of: immunomodulatory interventions for immune system mediated diseases, including, but not limited to: asthma and allergic diseases; graft failure in solid organ, cell, tissue and stem cell transplantation; and chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, and immunodeficiency diseases; preventative and therapeutic, vaccines for non-HIV/AIDS infectious diseases, including NIAID Category A, B, and C agents of bioterrorism and emerging/re-emerging infectious diseases. - This Request for Applications (RFA) is a renewal with modifications of RFA-AI-04-001 (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-AI-04-001.html). - In order to review and confer awards to grant applications received in response to this RFA in a timely fashion, without delay of the parent clinical trial, applications submitted in response to the RFA will be subject to a hyperaccelerated review/award process. Highly meritorious applications selected for funding under this RFA may receive their awards as early as thirteen weeks after the application receipt date. Holidays and other circumstances may alter this schedule slightly. - The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) intend to commit $1.6 million in Fiscal Year 2006 to fund four to five applications. The total requested project period for an application submitted in response to this RFA may not exceed four years. - Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations, public or private institutions (e.g., universities, colleges, hospitals), units of state and local governments, and eligible agencies of the Federal government. Both domestic and foreign institutions are eligible to apply. - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Only under extraordinary circumstances and with the approval of the participating ICs would an applicant be allowed to submit more than one application per fiscal year (October 1 – September 30) as a Principal Investigator. Amended applications will ONLY be accepted for Hyperaccelerated Review/Award if invited by the sponsoring NIH Institutes. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Applications must be prepared using the PHS 398 research grant application instructions and forms (rev. 9/2004); The PHS 398 document is available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html in an interactive format. For further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 435-0714, Email: Grantsinfo@nih.gov. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

This initiative is intended to stimulate the commercial development of novel radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in human brain, and to incorporate pilot or clinical feasibility evaluation in pre-clinical studies, model development, or clinical studies. The NIH institutes listed in this PA are specifically interested in the development of radioligands for molecular targets (e.g., receptors, cell adhesion molecules, intracellular messengers, and disease related proteins) that are of broad interest to the scientific community. These radiotracers will be used for neuroimaging as well as potential biological markers and surrogate endpoints for translational and clinical research, drug discovery and development, and clinical trials. Also appropriate for this PA are applications proposing research and development of new technologies for radiotracer development.