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- This Program Announcement (PA) encourages investigator-initiated applications designed to exploit the power of Xenopus as a vertebrate model for biomedical research. Applications are welcome proposing to develop new tools or genetic or genomic resources of high priority to the Xenopus community that will advance the detection and characterization of genes, pathways, and phenotypes of interest in development, organogenesis, and in cell biological processes, such as cell division, signaling and migration. - Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards made will depend upon the numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This PA will use the NIH individual research project grant (R01) award mechanism. - Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units or State and local government; eligible agencies of the Federal government; and, domestic or foreign institutions. - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applications must be prepared using the most recent version of the PHS 398 research grant application instructions and forms available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html in an interactive format. For further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 435-0714, Email: Grantsinfo@nih.gov. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The goal of this RFA is to improve the efficiency of germline transmission of C57BL/6 ES lines to an extent that permits the use of C57BL/6 ES cell for high throughput gene targeting and the efficient production of C57BL/6 mice carrying a null mutation. - Up to $1.6 million per year for three years is to be awarded through this RFA. - It is anticipated that 1 to 3 awards will be made. - It is anticipated the awards will be funded in July, 2006 for three years. - Awards will be made using the Cooperative Agreement (U01) mechanism. - Eligible organizations include for-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units of State and local governments; eligible agencies of the Federal government, domestic or foreign; NIH Intramural laboratories may participate as collaborators. Applicants for this RFA must have a proven track record of producing or developing existing ES lines, preferably from C57BL/6 mice, and have themselves or their collaborators used such lines to create mutant germline competent ES cells by targeted, gene trap or transposon mutagenesis. Experience must support the proposed goals to develop a robust ES cell line(s). Documentation of this track record must be included. - Eligible principal investigators with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with his/her institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - Investigators who applied for the RFA, "Completion of a Comprehensive Mouse Knockout Resource" (RFA-HG-05-007.) are encouraged to apply. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

- This funding opportunity invites applications to support collaborative research between mental health specialists and neurological specialists dedicated to understanding the neurobiology relevant to the etiology and treatment of comorbid mental and neurological disorders. - The participating ICs intend to commit approximately $3.5M in FY 2006. - The anticipated number of awards is 6-10 grants. - This RFA will use the NIH Research Project Grant (R01), Small Research Grant (R03), and Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21), and competing supplemental award mechanisms. - Eligible organizations include: for-profit or non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; units of State and local governments; eligible agencies of the Federal government; and domestic or foreign institutions/organizations. - Eligible principal investigators include any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- The ultimate aim of the Knockout Mouse Project is to generate a null-mutant mouse resource comprising a null mutation marked with a reporter of high utility for each gene in mouse strain C57BL/6. The purpose of this RFA is to make maximum progress toward this goal using gene targeting, transposon-mediated mutagenesis or gene trapping. - Up to $50 million in total costs over 5 years is to be awarded through this RFA. - It is anticipated that 1 to 4 awards will be made. - It is anticipated that the awards will be funded in July 2006. - Awards will be made using the Cooperative Agreement (U01) mechanism. - Eligible organizations include for-profit organizations; non-profit organizations; public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories; eligible agencies of the Federal government; domestic and foreign Institutions. - Eligible principal investigators with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088.

- The goal of this PA is to implement a program of cooperative agreements that will support milestone-driven projects focused on the identification and pre-clinical testing of new therapeutics. The program will facilitate the effective review and research administration of translational research projects and will accelerate the translation of discoveries in basic research to treatment in the clinic. - Only Aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic Aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This funding opportunity will use the U01, U54, and U24 cooperative agreement award mechanisms. The total project period for an application submitted in response to this PA may not exceed five years. - For-profit organizations, non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of State government, units of local government, eligible agencies of the federal government, foreign institutions, domestic institutions, State or local Tribal governments, and faith-based or community-based organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign applicants under this PA are not eligible for the U54 or U24 mechanisms. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- This PA requests applications using the and SBIR Cooperative Agreements (U44) mechanism to provide support for Phase II, and Fast-Track projects that directly address identification and pre-clinical testing of new therapeutics. - Only Aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic Aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This PA employs the SBIR (U44) cooperative agreement mechanism . Applications may be submitted for support as Phase II or Fast-Track grants. Phase II applicants may request a project period of up to three years and a budget of up to $750,000 total costs per year, or $1 million total costs per year if studies required for IND or IDE filing with the FDA are included. Applicants may request a project period of up to two years and a budget of up $300,000 total costs per year for the Phase I part of a Fast-Track application. - Initial merit review is convened by the NINDS Scientific Review Branch. - Only U.S. small business concerns are eligible to submit SBIR applications. A small business concern is one that, on the date of award, meets ALL of the criteria as described in the current SBIR/STTR Omnibus Solicitation. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. The principal investigator must have his/her primary employment (more than 50 percent) with the small business at the time of award and for the duration of the project, which precludes full-time employment elsewhere. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials.

- This PA requests applications for exploratory/developmental projects intended to discover potential targets for therapeutic intervention, to identify candidate therapeutics, to develop assays, animal models, devices, or technologies for screening or developing therapeutics, or to obtain preliminary data on the efficacy of candidate therapeutics. - Only Aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic Aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This funding opportunity will use the R21 award mechanism. The applicant may request a project period of up to two years with a combined budget for direct costs of up $275,000 for the two year period. - For-profit organizations, non-profit organizations, public or private institutions, such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units of State government, units of local government, eligible agencies of the federal government, foreign institutions, domestic institutions, units of State or local Tribal governments, and faith-based or community-based organizations are eligible to apply. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- This PA invites applications for a career development award to enable investigators to build a program of translational research in neurological disorders under the guidance of an experienced mentor. The training received through this program has two key elements. A research project is conducted under the guidance and supervision of the mentor, and a career development program is undertaken to provide broad training for the applicant in the pre-clinical development of therapeutics. - Only aims required for therapy development can be supported in this program. No basic/mechanistic aims may be included in the research plan. - There is no specific limit on the total funds that will be awarded under this PA or on the number of awards. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. - This funding opportunity will use the K01 Research Scientist Development Award and the K08 Clinical Investigator Award mechanisms. The K01 and K08 awards provide three to five years of salary and research support. NINDS will provide salary of up to $85,000 plus fringe benefits for the career award recipient, and up to $50,000 in research development support. - Applications may be submitted on behalf of the candidate (principal investigator) by any domestic for-profit organization or non-profit organization, public or private institutions such as universities, colleges, hospitals, and laboratories, units State and local Tribal governments, and faith-based or community-based organizations. Foreign institutions/organizations are not eligible to apply. To be eligible for a NINDS K01 award an applicant must have a Ph.D. or equivalent research-intensive degree, and have demonstrated the potential for a highly productive independent research career. To be eligible for a K08 award an applicant must have a clinical doctoral degree or equivalent, or a Ph.D. in a clinical discipline. Applicants will spend a minimum of 75 percent of full-time professional effort conducting research and research career development during the entire award period. A 50 percent effort on a K08 award is acceptable for neurosurgeons, who must maintain surgical skills. Current or past principal investigators on NINDS/NIH research grants other than R03 or R21 awards are not eligible for this award. - Awards in response to this program announcement will be for a total project period of three, four or five years and are not renewable. Planning, direction, and execution of the proposed career development program and research project will be the responsibility of the applicant and his/her mentor(s). Grants are not transferable from one principal investigator to another. - The candidate for this K award may not concurrently apply for nor have an award pending for another NIH career development award. Up to two revisions of an application will be accepted. - Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. - Applicants must be U.S. citizens or non-citizen nationals, or must have been lawfully admitted for permanent residence by the time of award. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

- This RFA is an initiative of the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research (http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov), a coordinated effort of 15 NIH Institutes and Centers to accelerate progress in neuroscience by supporting research and development of enabling tools and resources. This RFA will be administered by the NIBIB on behalf of the Neuroscience Blueprint. - This initiative is intended to support research leading to new ways for high resolution imaging of the neural activity that is reflected in electrophysiological signals. - The participating Institutes and Centers have committed approximately $1 million to support direct costs under this RFA in Fiscal Year 2006. NIMH intends to provide up to an additional $500,000 to support direct costs of grants that focus on non-invasive optical approaches for detecting fast signals. The total amount awarded, however, will depend upon the number, merit, and cost of the applications received, and funds available. - It is anticipated that 5 to 7 new awards will be made in FY2006. - This RFA will use the individual Research Project Grant (R01) and the Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant (R21) grant mechanisms. - Eligible organizations include domestic, foreign, non-profit, for-profit, private and public institutions. - Eligible principal investigators include, but are not limited to, researchers with experience and qualifications in neuroscience, biology, biophysics, physics, engineering, etc. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. - See Section IV.1 for application materials. - Applications must be prepared using the PHS 398 research grant application instructions and forms. The PHS 398 application instructions are available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html. Additional instructions for R21 applications can be found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-03-107.html. For further assistance contact GrantsInfo, Telephone (301) 435-0714, Email: GrantsInfo@nih.gov. - Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088

This is a Request for Applications (RFA) for Pathobiology Sites to support years 6-10 of the Animal Models of Diabetic Complications Consortium (AMDCC). The AMDCC was established in 2001 to generate and phenotype new models of diabetic complications. Information about the current AMDCC can be found at http://www.amdcc.org/. AMDCC Pathobiology Sites will (1) propose new mouse models to be developed by the Consortium that will faithfully replicate one or more diabetic complications, and (2) discover and characterize the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying disease in these and other models of complications. Pathobiology Sites funded by this RFA will work together as a Consortium with a Mouse Generation and Husbandry Core (MGHC) and Coordinating and Bioinformatics Unit (CBU; http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DK-05-012.html), with substantial involvement from NIH staff. Applications for the MGHC and CBU will be solicited separately. In response to this RFA the participating Institutes anticipate awarding up to 14 Pathobiology Sites covering all major complications of diabetes. The total amount to be awarded is $5.25 million for each of 5 years. Individual Pathobiology Site awards may not exceed 250K direct costs per year during the project period. This RFA will use the U01 Cooperative Agreement mechanism. The AMDCC will work closely with the Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centers (MMPCs). The MMPCs (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DK-05-008.html) conduct detailed metabolic phenotyping of genetically altered mice and other mouse models that are useful for understanding diabetes and its complications, obesity, and related metabolic diseases or conditions. Mice generated under the auspices of the AMDCC will be shipped to MMPC facilities to be phenotyped using a standardized battery of tests as directed by the AMDCC Executive Steering Committee (ESC). Phenotyping proposed by the Pathobiology Sites should not overlap with existing MMPC services. Information about the current MMPCs, including a catalog of services, guidelines and policies, can be found at http://www.mmpc.org/. For-profit and non-profit organizations are eligible, including public or private institutions, units of state and local governments, eligible agencies of the federal government, domestic or foreign institutions/organizations. Any individual with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to execute the functions proposed for an AMDCC Pathobiology Site is invited to work with their institution to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH programs. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided they are scientifically distinct. See Section IV.1 for application materials. Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at TTY 301-451-0088.