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The National Institutes of Health Autism Coordinating Committee (NIH/ACC) is implementing the aspects of the Children"s Health Act of 2000 that relate to support of autism research by NIH. The NIH/ACC is composed of the NIH institutes currently funding autism research: NIMH, NICHD, NINDS, NIDCD, and NIEHS. An important aspect of these activities is the establishment of Centers of Excellence in Autism Research, and in this RFA the participating institutes invite research grant applications for such Centers. These Centers will constitute a cohesive program, operating under an NIH cooperative agreement, which will be called the STAART Centers Program (Studies to Advance Autism Research and Treatment).

This Program Announcement (PA) solicits applications for investigator- initiated research related to the prevention and management of cachexia to improve the quality of life for these patients. Cachexia is a condition of severe malnutrition characterized by anorexia, weight loss and muscle wasting that occurs as a consequence of chronic conditions such as cystic fibrosis, cerebral palsy, cancer, AIDS, congestive heart failure, failure to thrive in older populations, end-stage organ failure, neurological degenerative diseases, chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic liver disease, and chronic renal disease. Cachexia has repeatedly been associated with adverse clinical outcomes, and increased morbidity and mortality. Research findings are reported in the literature which address individual symptoms and speculated causes of cachexia but data are not available to provide a scientific base for a multidisciplinary approach to prevent cachexia and manage the associated symptoms to improve the quality of life for patients suffering from cachexia. The goal of this PA is threefold: 1) to stimulate basic and clinical research in cachexia, 2) to examine cachexia in relation to several related symptoms to improve quality of life, and 3) to examine cachexia symptoms in two or more chronic conditions.

The National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) will award National Research Service Award (NRSA) Short-Term Institutional Training Grants (T35) to eligible institutions to provide research training opportunities for medical students who are preparing for careers in basic or clinical neurological sciences research. The purpose of this program is to help ensure that a highly trained workforce is available to assume leadership roles related to the Nation"s neurological sciences research agenda. The goals of the program are to encourage the interest of potential clinician scientists early in their education, and accelerate entry to independent research.

The National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) will award individual fellowships (F31) to eligible individuals to provide research training opportunities for medical students who are preparing for careers in basic or clinical neurological sciences research. The purpose of this program is to help ensure that a highly trained workforce is available to assume leadership roles related to the Nation"s neurological sciences research agenda. The goals of the program are to encourage the interest of potential clinician scientists early in their education, and accelerate entry to independent research.

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invites applications for individual National Research Service Award (NRSA) fellowships for MD/PhD and MD/MPH students. There is a critical need for clinician-scientists with the medical training and research experience to investigate problems of disease in humans. Yet, the enormous complexity of the neurological disorders prevents the standard course of study at most medical schools from providing the experience necessary to develop researchers. Support for NRSA MD/PhD and MD/MPH fellowships is designed to help ensure that highly trained clinician-scientists will be available in adequate numbers to conduct basic and clinical research in disorders relevant to the mission of the NINDS. While this program is primarily focused on individuals pursuing the MD degree, other health professional students (e.g., D.O., D.D.S.) may also apply. For additional information about NINDS programs please consult the following Website: http://www.ninds.nih.gov

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson"s Research, the Parkinson’s Disease Foundation/National Parkinson’s Foundation, and the Parkinson’s Alliance invite investigator-initiated grant applications to conduct research relevant to the cure, cause, prevention or improved treatment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and its complications. The intent of this RFA is to stimulate novel, innovative, or high impact approaches to the field of Parkinson"s Disease research within the framework of the exploratory/developmental granting mechanism to enhance and escalate discoveries beneficial to PD.

The purpose of this Program Announcement (PA) is to solicit applications as part of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) initiative to increase our support of the zebrafish as an animal model for development, organ formation, behavior, aging, and disease research. This PA is a reissuance of PA-98-074, which was published in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, Vol. 5, No. 22 on May 21, 1998. This effort stems from an NIH initiative with participation of the Institutes and Centers listed above, working though the Trans-NIH Zebrafish Coordinating Committee (TZCC, http://www.nih.gov/science/models/zebrafish/) under the co-chairmanship of NICHD and NIDDK. Since its formation in 1997, the committee has played an active role as an advocate for the zebrafish as an important model for development, organ formation, behavior, aging, and disease research.

The Clinical Trial Group and the Neural Environment Group of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite grant applications for Specialized Programs of Translational Research in Acute Stroke (SPOTRIAS). The goal of the SPOTRIAS will be to reduce the disability of and mortality in stroke patients by promoting rapid diagnosis and effective interventions. The intent of the SPOTRIAS is to support a collaboration of clinical researchers from different specialties whose collective efforts will lead to new approaches to early diagnosis and treatment of acute stroke patients. Applicant institutions must be able to deliver rapid treatment for acute stroke and to conduct the highest quality translational research on the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. SPOTRIAS grants will require that a minimum number of stroke patients be treated two hours after the onset of their symptoms. Another important function of SPOTRIAS is to establish a program to recruit and train of the next generation of stroke researchers.

The Office of Research Integrity (ORI, DHHS), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS, NIH) and the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR, NIH) invite applications to support research on research integrity. "Integrity” in this context is understood as “adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines, and commonly accepted professional codes or norms.” Research integrity is a vital component both of the reliability of the research record and of the trust that underlies public support for research. Therefore the responsible expenditure of public funds for research must include attention to research integrity. The purpose of the proposed grant program is to foster empirical research on the institutions, processes, and values that affect integrity in research. The sponsoring agencies are particularly interested in studies that will inform policy making at DHHS, NIH, and research institutions, with the goal of fostering appropriate attention to integrity in publicly funded research programs.

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) encourage investigator-initiated research grant applications to study restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). The etiologies of these disorders are unknown, although there is evidence that central dopamine mechanisms are involved. Research should be aimed at an understanding of the pathogenesis of RLS and PLMD that will lead to new forms of treatment. The intent of this announcement is to intensify investigator-initiated research, to attract new investigators to the field, and to enhance interdisciplinary approaches to research in these areas.