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Purpose: The purpose of the NIH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to provide support and protected time (three, four, or five years) for an intensive, supervised career development experience in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical sciences leading to research independence. The goal of the NINDS K01 is to diversify the pool of independent neuroscience research investigators. The NINDS recognizes the unique and compelling need to promote diversity in participation in neuroscience research and expects these efforts to diversify the neuroscience research workforce to lead to the recruitment of the most talented researchers from all groups. Prospective applicants are encouraged to contact NINDS staff for programmatic and budgetary information. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the NIH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) mechanism.

Purpose. The aim of this FOA issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is to facilitate the discovery of new small molecule probes for investigating biological function in the nervous system by providing funding for advanced medicinal chemistry and the biological testing of compounds. Eligible Investigators will have identified probe candidates via screening of small molecule collections, using in vitro assays of biological activity developed to interrogate these collections, and be able to show that the structural features of these small molecules are related to their biological activity.Project proposals should nominate small molecule probe candidates from distinct structural series for the further, iterative design and testing of analogues in structure-activity relationship studies, using in vitro assays of biological function adapted to the medium throughput screening requirements of this work.These studies should have the goal of developing a small molecule probe possessing the attributes (eg: affinity, selectivity, activity) required for its use in future pharmacological studies proposed by the investigator. Applicants are strongly encouraged to utilize publicly available cheminformatic capabilities for the acquisition of compounds, and semi-custom synthesis of analogues, which is required of these studies. Mechanism of Support. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the R21 grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For NINDS approximately $1 million will be available for this FOA in 2009. For NIAAA approximately $250,000 will be available, and for NIDA approximately $500,000 will be available. NINDS anticipates making approximately 4 awards in response to this FOA. NIAAA anticipates making one award, and NIDA anticipates making 2-3 awards.Because the scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size of each award will also vary.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed two years.Direct costs are limited to $150,000 per year. It is anticipated that the budget will be divided equally between the biology and chemistry components of the proposal. Application Research Plan Component Length: The R21 application Research Plan component of the PHS398 (Items 2-5) may not exceed 15 pages, including tables, graphs, figures, diagrams, and charts. See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/funding_program.htm. Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Institutions/organizations listed in Section III, 1.A. are eligible to apply. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI (i.e., multiple PDs/PIs) may be designated on the application. Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct Resubmissions.Resubmission applications are not permitted in response to this FOA. Renewals. Renewal applications are not permitted in response to this FOA.

Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications to pursue translational and pilot clinical studies for neural prosthetics. The program will utilize the cooperative agreement mechanism to enable support for milestone-driven projects for the design, development, and demonstration of clinically-useful neural prosthetic devices.Activities supported in this program include implementation of clinical prototype devices, preclinical safety and efficacy testing, design verification and validation activities, pursuit of regulatory approval for clinical study, and proof-of-concept or pilot clinical studies. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the U01 Research Project Cooperative Agreement grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-064, that encourages fast-track or phase II applications for cooperative agreements under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) cooperative agreement mechanism (U44). Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. Budgets for direct costs per year will depend upon specific project requirements, and project duration of up to five years may be requested. The maximum direct costs for any single year may not exceed $1,000,000 per year Application Research Plan Component Length. Applications submitted in response to this FOA for Advanced Neural Prosthetics Research and Development projects (U01) are limited to 25 pages for sections 2-5 of PHS 398. Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Institutions/organizations listed in Section III, 1.A. are eligible to apply. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided that each application is scientifically distinct. Resubmissions. Applicants may submit a resubmission application, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).Beginning with applications intended for the January 25, 2009 official submission due date, all original new applications (i.e., never submitted) and competing renewal applications will be permitted only a single amendment (A1). See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-09-003.html and NOT-OD-09-016.Original new and competing renewal applications that were submitted prior to January 25, 2009 will be permitted two amendments (A1 and A2).For these grandfathered applications, NIH expects that any A2 will be submitted no later than January 7, 2011, and NIH will not accept A2 applications after that date. Renewals. Applicants may submit a renewal (formally competing continuation) application if the proposed research is a logical progression of the currently funded NIH U01 project.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to pursue translational and pilot clinical studies for neural prosthetics. The program will utilize the cooperative agreement mechanism to enable support for milestone-driven projects for the design, development, and demonstration of clinically-useful neural prosthetic devices.Activities supported in this program include implementation of clinical prototype devices, preclinical safety and efficacy testing, design verification and validation activities, pursuit of regulatory approval for clinical study, and proof-of-concept or pilot clinical studies. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) cooperative agreement mechanism (U44) for Phase II and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-063, which encourages applications under the U01 Research Project Cooperative Agreement grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. Phase II applicants may request a budget of up to $1 million total costs per year and a project period of up to three years.Fast-Track applicants may request a budget for the Phase I portion of the Fast-Track of up to $300,000 total costs per year and a project period of up to two years.Phase II competing renewal budgets up to $1 million total costs per year and time periods up to three years may be requested. Eligible Institutions/Organizations: Only United States SBCs are eligible to receive SBIR applications. A SBC is one that, on the date of award for both Phase I and Phase II funding agreements, meets ALL of the criteria as described in Section III. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators: Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. On an SBIR application, the PD/PI must have his/her primary employment (more than 50%) with the SBC at the time of award and for the duration of the project. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. Number of Applications: Applicant SBCs may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. Resubmissions. Applicants may submit a resubmission application, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).Beginning with applications intended for the January 25, 2009 official submission due date, all original new applications (i.e., never submitted) and competing renewal applications will be permitted only a single amendment (A1).See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-09-003.html and NOT-OD-09-016.Original new and competing renewal applications that were submitted prior to January 25, 2009 will be permitted two amendments (A1 and A2).For these grandfathered applications, NIH expects that any A2 will be submitted no later than January 7, 2011, and NIH will not accept A2 applications after that date. Renewals:Only Phase II SBIR awardees are eligible to submit a competing renewal application, which should represent a continuation of support for research and development of the previous work funded by the original Phase II grant.

Purpose. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) invites Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications that propose research and development of probes useful in imaging the structure and function of the brain and other parts of the nervous system, with award duration and amounts greater than those routinely allowed under the SBIR programs. Specifically this FOA invites SBIR applications that propose research and development of probes that generate signals detectable by one or more imaging modality. Such probes should indicate the structure or function of molecules or subcellular elements of neurons or other cells of the nervous system. Of special interest are applications that propose research and development of novel probes, although significant enhancements of already existing probes are also invited. Grant applications may propose projects that will result in probes solely intended for use in research or probes that might have clinical utility. It is expected that this initiative will require expertise from a variety of disciplines, including neuroscience, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, biotechnology, and bioengineering. Moreover, it is anticipated that these types of expertise will be brought together in various combinations in individual proposed projects. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. Phase I awards normally may not exceed $100,000 total for a period normally not to exceed 6 months. Phase II awards normally may not exceed $750,000 total for a period normally not to exceed 2 years. For this funding opportunity, budgets up to $350,000 total costs per year for up to two years may be requested for Phase I. Budgets up to $600,000 total costs per year and up to three years may be requested for Phase II. Eligible Institutions/Organizations: Only United States SBCs are eligible to receive SBIR applications. A SBC is one that, on the date of award for both Phase I and Phase II funding agreements, meets ALL of the criteria as described in Section III. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators: Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. On an SBIR application, the PD/PI must have his/her primary employment (more than 50%) with the SBC at the time of award and for the duration of the project. Number of Applications: Applicant SBCs may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. Resubmissions:Applicants may submit a resubmission application, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement). Beginning with applications intended for the January 25, 2009 official submission due date, all original new applications (i.e., never submitted) and competing renewal applications will be permitted only a single amendment (A1).See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-09-003.html and NOT-OD-09-016Original new and competing renewal applications that were submitted prior to January 25, 2009 will be permitted two amendments (A1 and A2).For these grandfathered applications, NIH expects that any A2 will be submitted no later than January 7, 2011, and NIH will not accept A2 applications after that date. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application.

Purpose: The primary purpose of the Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00) program is to increase and maintain a strong cohort of new and talented NIH-supported independent investigators. The program is designed to facilitate a timely transition from a mentored postdoctoral research position to a stable independent research position with independent NIH or other independent research support at an earlier stage than is currently the norm. Prospective candidates are encouraged to contact the relevant Institute or Center (IC) staff for IC-specific programmatic and budgetary information: Table of Institute and Center Contacts. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00) mechanism.

Purpose: The purpose of the Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award (K25) is to attract to NIH-relevant research those investigators whose quantitative science and engineering research has thus far not been focused primarily on questions of health and disease. The K25 award will provide support and protected time for a period of supervised study and research for productive professionals with quantitative (e.g., mathematics, statistics, economics, computer science, imaging science, informatics, physics, chemistry) and engineering backgrounds to integrate their expertise with NIH-relevant research. Prospective candidates are encouraged to contact the relevant NIH staff for IC-specific programmatic and budgetary information: Table of Institute and Center Contacts. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the Mentored Quantitative Research Development Award (K25) mechanism.

Purpose: The purpose of the NIH Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24) is to provide support to mid-career health-professional doctorates or equivalent who are typically at the Associate Professor level or the equivalent (see Section III. Eligible Individuals) for protected time to devote to patient-oriented research (POR) and to act as research mentors primarily for clinical residents, clinical fellows and/or junior clinical faculty. Prospective candidates are encouraged to contact the relevant Institute or Center (IC) staff for IC-specific programmatic and budgetary information: Table of Institute and Center Contacts. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the NIH Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24) mechanism.

Purpose: The purpose of the NIH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to provide support and protected time (three, four, or five years) for an intensive, supervised career development experience in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical sciences leading to research independence. Although all of the participating NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) use this support mechanism to support career development experiences that lead to research independence, some ICs use the K01 award for individuals who propose to train in a new field or for individuals who have had a hiatus in their research career because of illness or pressing family circumstances. Other ICs utilize the K01 award to increase research workforce diversity by providing enhanced research career development opportunities. Prospective candidates are encouraged to contact the relevant NIH staff for IC-specific programmatic and budgetary information: Table of Institute and Center Contacts.

Purpose: The purpose of the NIH Independent Scientist Award (K02) is to foster the development of outstanding scientists and enable them to expand their potential to make significant contributions to their field of research. The K02 award provides three, four, or five years of salary support and protected time for newly independent (see IC provisions) scientists who can demonstrate the need for a period of intensive research focus as a means of enhancing their research careers. Each independent scientist career award program must be tailored to meet the individual needs of the candidate. Prospective candidates are encouraged to contact the relevant Institute or Center (IC) staff for IC-specific programmatic and budgetary information: Table of Institute and Center Contacts. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the NIH Independent Scientist Award (K02) mechanism.