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The purpose of this initiative is to stimulate research to increase understanding of the role of fusin co-factors in HIV infection of the CNS and to identify and develop analogs and related compounds of these co-factors as potential therapeutic agents.

The objective of this Program Announcement (PA) is to stimulate research on the relative roles of environmental, endogenous neurochemical and genetic factors in the cause of neurodegenerative diseases. The results of these investigations should help clarify the part xenobiotics play in the etiology of these diseases.

This request for applications (RFA) will solicit research grants directed toward expanding the use of SIV-infected non-human primates to address the effects of this virus on the CNS to increase understanding of the resulting pathology and identify therapeutic targets for prevention and/or treatment of the functional and neurological consequences.

The purpose of this Request for Applications (RFA) is to solicit applications for research projects to develop objective and standardized criteria and new, cost- effective, high-throughput phenotyping tools and methods to assess specific components of nervous system function and complex behaviors in the laboratory mouse. Projects supported under this RFA will develop and apply high-throughput phenotyping protocols to evaluate standard inbred strains of mice, and deposit the data so generated into databases of quantitative behavioral, physiological, pharmacological, and neuroanatomical profiles across different strains. These diverse phenotyping tools and assays will provide invaluable endpoints for the comprehensive characterization of nervous system function and complex behaviors in mouse mutants, and will facilitate the genetic analysis of these complex traits. Protocols, assays, assessment criteria, data on reference strains, and other material and information generated in projects funded under this RFA will be made widely available to the scientific community. This RFA is part of a broader NIH initiative to support large-scale functional genetic studies and characterize the murine nervous system and behavior. Techniques and data generated under this RFA will be available to support this broader initiative.

The Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) invite applications for Specialized Center Grants (P50) grants in order to encourage behavioral, psychological, social, and biomedical research on the interrelationships among cognition, emotion, biological processes, and physical health. The NIH sponsoring organizations are issuing this Request for Applications (RFA) to foster interdisciplinary research on the interactions among the mind and body in health and disease. Applications in response to this RFA are encouraged to propose research topics ranging from basic research to those involving clinical applications.

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute on Aging (NIA) seek research grant applications that will generate scientific knowledge to lead to improved care for those at the end of life. Research applications may include basic, clinical or health care studies focused on the clinical management of physical and psychological symptoms, patient-provider and patient-family communication, ethics and clinical decision-making, caregiver support, or the context of care delivery for those facing life-limiting illnesses. The purpose of this initiative is to generate research that will improve the quality of dying for Americans and decrease the distress for their caregivers.

The National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite qualified investigators to submit research grant applications for pilot clinical drug trials directed toward the treatment of the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer"s Disease (AD). Data from pilot clinical studies are often required before proceeding to a full-scale clinical trial. The NIA, the NIMH, and the NINDS are interested in supporting exploratory studies required to obtain the necessary information to establish the basis for proceeding to a full-scale trial. The purpose of the Alzheimer"s Disease Pilot Clinical Trials initiative is to obtain preliminary data and conduct studies to support the rationale for a subsequent full-scale clinical drug trial of an intervention to slow, halt, or reverse the progressive decline in cognitive function and/or to modify the cognitive and behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer"s disease victims as well as to delay the onset of or prevent Alzheimer"s disease. Note: There is a companion Program Announcement available, the "Alzheimer"s Disease Clinical Trial Planning Grant" (PA-99-039).

The National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite qualified investigators to submit research grant applications for clinical trial planning grants directed toward the drug treatment of the cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer"s Disease (AD). The purpose of the Alzheimer"s Disease Clinical Trial Planning Grant is to allow for early peer review of the rationale and design for Alzheimer"s disease clinical drug trials and to provide support for the development of a detailed clinical trial research plan, including a manual of operations and procedures. Note: There is a companion Program Announcement available for "Alzheimer"s Disease Pilot Clinical Trials" (PA-99-038).

The Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD) Branch, Center for Research for Mothers and Children (CRMC), of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the Division of Fundamental Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders (DFNDD) of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite research grant applications that address the genetics, pathophysiological mechanisms, and the development of biomarkers for Rett Syndrome. Areas of interest include developmental neurobiology, pathophysiology, genetics, epidemiology, structure-function correlations, and clinical studies that have a direct link to Rett Syndrome. Specific funds will be set aside to support investigator-initiated applications responsive to this grant solicitation.

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) invite investigator-initiated research grant applications to study the mechanisms by which diabetes results in painful and disabling neuropathies and other neurological complications and to apply this information to the development of interventions to prevent, limit, or reverse these complications. The etiology of diabetic neuropathy is complex, involving metabolic and vascular effects. Recent evidence suggests that deficiencies in neurotrophic factors may also play a role. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a particularly understudied area. The intent of this RFA is to intensify investigator-initiated research, to attract new investigators to the field and to enhance interdisciplinary approaches to research in these areas.