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The Cellular Hematology Scientific Research Group, Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, NHLBI, the Hematology Program, Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, NIDDK, and the Repair and Plasticity Program, NINDS announce the availability of a Request for Applications (RFA) on the above subject. The objective of this initiative is to promote the thorough exploration and characterization of stem cell plasticity in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic tissue. Research efforts are needed to test stem cell plasticity in a rigorous manner. It is of particular importance to characterize cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to the capacity of adult stem cells with hematopoietic potential to express other potentials and precursor cells of adult non-hematopoietic tissues to express hematopoietic potential. Other areas of high interest include the ability of stem cells from non-neuronal tissues to differentiate along neuronal and glial lineages.

The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite exploratory and developmental research grant applications (R21) that will broaden the base of inquiry on Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD).

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invite investigator-initiated research applications for mechanistic studies in clinical trials of immunomodulatory interventions for immune system mediated diseases, including, but not limited to, asthma and allergy, graft failure in solid organ, tissue, cell and stem cell transplantation, and autoimmune diseases. Specifically, this Request for Applications (RFA) is a continuation and modification of RFA AI-00-005. It focuses on the inclusion of patients and utilization of patient samples for the evaluation of immunologic and other relevant parameters to facilitate the study and definition of immunological mechanisms underlying the intervention, the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, surrogate/biomarkers markers of disease activity and therapeutic effect, and mechanisms of human immunologic function. The parent or core clinical trial must have independent financial support and will NOT receive support under this RFA. Proposed mechanistic studies associated with clinical trials supported by industry are particularly encouraged but clinical trials supported by any source, public or private, are eligible.

This Program Announcement (PA) is designed to solicit research projects that anticipate, analyze, and address the ethical, legal, and social implications of the discovery of new genetic technologies and the availability and use of genetic information resulting from human genetics and genomic research. Of particular interest are studies that: 1) examine the issues surrounding the completion of the human DNA sequence and the study of human genetic variation, 2) examine the issues raised by the integration of genetic technologies and information into health care and public health activities, 3) examine the issues raised by the integration of knowledge about genomics and gene-environment interactions into non-clinical settings, 4) explore the ways in which new genetic knowledge may interact with a variety of philosophical, theological, and ethical perspectives, and 5) explore how socioeconomic factors, gender, and concepts of race, ethnicity and culture influence the use and interpretation of genetic information, the utilization of genetic services, and the development of policy.

The Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Genetic and Genomic Research (ELSI) Education Grant (R25) is a flexible program aimed at developing innovative educational approaches that will increase knowledge and understanding of genetics and genomics research and its ethical, legal and social implications. This program invites investigator-initiated R25 Grant applications that pursue a wide range of objectives such as: the development and pilot testing of short courses, multi-media continuing education tools, national forums, seminars, and/or hands-on workshops designed to educate scientists, health care professionals and the lay community. Other appropriate objectives include: the design, development and evaluation of new curriculum materials for a variety of audiences in a variety of educational settings. Given the current urgent need for health care providers who are genetically literate and knowledgeable, health professional education projects are of particular interest. Applications to this program should be focused on developing and evaluating new and innovative interventions that are designed to reach a large and diverse audience or that can be successfully exported to other institutions or learning environments.

The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) are committed to evaluate the efficacy of specific pharmacological interventions to improve outcomes in pediatric patients following Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), by supporting well-executed clinical trials. Before proceeding to a large clinical trial, pilot clinical studies are often required. The NICHD and NINDS are interested in supporting pilot studies required to obtain necessary information to clearly establish the clinical basis for proceeding to a full- scale trial. The purpose of a Pilot Clinical Trial Grant for Pharmacological Interventions in Pediatric TBI is to obtain preliminary data and conduct studies to support the rationale for a subsequent full-scale clinical trial of pharmacological intervention.

The Congress of the United States enacted the National Research Service Act (NRSA) Program in 1974 to help ensure that highly trained scientists will be available in adequate numbers and in appropriate research areas to carry out the Nation’s biomedical and behavioral research agenda. Under this congressional authority, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) awards NRSA senior fellowships (F33) to experienced scientists who wish to make major changes in the direction of their research careers or who wish to broaden their scientific background by acquiring new research capabilities. These awards will enable individuals with at least seven years of research experience beyond the doctorate, and who have progressed to the stage of independent investigator, to take time from regular professional responsibilities for the purpose of receiving training to increase their scientific capabilities. In most cases, this award is used to support sabbatical experiences for established independent scientists. This program is not designed for postdoctoral level investigators seeking to prove their research potential prior to independence. Potential applicants are encouraged to discuss their plans with a contact from one of the Institutes or Centers listed in the Inquiries Section.

The Office of Research Integrity (ORI, DHHS) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS, NIH) invite applications (R01) to support research on research integrity. "Integrity” in this context is understood as “adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines, and commonly accepted professional codes or norms.”

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) ,the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) invite investigator- initiated research grant proposals to study the effect of HIV-1 infection on the peripheral nervous system and sensory organs. Although abnormalities of the peripheral nervous system associated with HIV-1 infection are not generally life threatening, they tend to occur relatively early in the course of the disease and contribute significant morbidity. Prompt recognition and effective treatment of these disorders could dramatically improve the quality of life of the patient.

This is a revision and expansion of program announcement PA-99-017 that was published in the NIH Guide on November 19, 1998 and will be active for 3 years from the release date noted above. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provide National Research Service Awards (NRSAs) to individuals for doctoral-level training. These Institutes award NRSA individual predoctoral fellowships (F31) to promising applicants with the potential to become productive, independent investigators in the scientific mission areas of these Institutes. This program will provide predoctoral training support for doctoral candidates that have successfully completed their comprehensive examinations or the equivalent by the time of award and will be performing dissertation research and training.