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The purpose of this Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Individual Predoctoral Fellowship to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research award is to enhance the diversity of the health-related research workforce by supporting the research training of predoctoral students from diverse backgrounds, including those from population groups that have been shown to be underrepresented in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research workforce, such as underrepresented racial and ethnic groups and those with disabilities

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and National Institute on Aging (NIA) intend to publish a Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) to solicit applications for a large prospective clinical research study to determine the specific subsets of stroke events that predict cognitive impairment and dementia in post-stroke populations in the United States, including in health disparities populations, and what additional clinical factors and comorbidities along the AD/ADRD spectrum may causally synergize with stroke to result in (or prevent) cognitive impairment and dementia outcomes. The goals of this initiative are to determine the association between specific subsets of stroke events and subsequent cognitive impairment and dementia in post-stroke populations in the United States, including in health disparities populations; to identify additional clinical factors and comorbidities that may affect these associations; and to contribute to development and validation of clinical-trial ready diagnostic and progression biomarkers for post-stroke dementia. It is expected that the study design will also allow for determination of interrelationships (cross-sectional and longitudinal) among the stroke event, overall cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and risk factors (including sex, racial, and ethnic differences), dementia-relevant genetic variants (including ApoE) and mutations (e.g. in Notch 3) previously associated with Alzheimer's disease (e.g. APP, PS1, PS2, PICALM, CLU, TREM2), cognitive trajectories including decline and resistance to decline, as well as amyloid and tau biomarkers of Alzheimers pathology during life.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is aimed at discovering, determining the selectivity and sensitivity, and externally validating biological measures to be used for assessing, prognosing and monitoring recovery of youth who either clinically present with or are at risk for developing prolonged/persistent concussive symptoms following exposure to repetitive head impacts and/or concussion. Resultant biological measures should be incorporated into risk stratification algorithms to inform clinical care and patient stratification for future clinical trials. A critical feature of this FOA includes the broad sharing of clinical, neuroimaging, physiological, and biospecimen data to further advance research in the area of persistent concussive symptoms in children ages 9 - 14.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites researchers to submit applications for support of clinical projects that address critical needs for clinical trial readiness in Down syndrome. The initiative seeks applications that are intended to facilitate Down syndrome research by enabling efficient and effective movement of candidate therapeutics or diagnostics towards clinical trials for Down syndrome and its co-occurring conditions, and to increase their likelihood of success through development and testing of biomarkers and clinical outcome assessment measures, development and testing of novel trial methods and recruitment strategies, or by defining the presentation and course of the co-occurring conditions in individuals with Down syndrome to enable the design of future clinical trials.

The NIH INvestigation of Co-occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE (INCLUDE) Project is soliciting applications for this Request for Applications (RFA) for Transformative R01 to support individual scientists or groups of scientists proposing groundbreaking, exceptionally innovative, original, and/or unconventional research with the potential to create new scientific paradigms, establish entirely new and improved clinical approaches, or develop transformative technologies. Applications from individuals with diverse backgrounds and in any topic relevant to Down syndrome research are welcome. Little or no preliminary data are expected. Projects must clearly demonstrate the potential to produce a major impact in research related to Down syndrome.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) encourages Exploratory/Developmental Phased Innovation (R61/R33) grant applications to support development of clinical trials to treat critical and co-occurring health conditions in individuals with Down syndrome. The proposed research aims should be milestone-driven. The total project period for an application submitted in response to this FOA may not exceed five years. This FOA provides support for up to two years (R61 phase) for preliminary/developmental/planning studies, followed by possible transition of up to four years of expanded clinical trial support (R33), although the total duration of the award may not exceed five years. This FOA requires measurable R61 milestones.

This FOA invites applications that propose to develop, characterize and validate innovative human cellular model systems that recapitulate phenotypic, mechanistic and neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimers Disease-Related Dementias (ADRDs). Model systems will be expected to capture the complex, multi-faceted proteinopathies and/or vascular pathology observed in ADRDs, with multiple cell types represented in each model. Years 3-5 will focus on the extensive characterization and perturbation of the cellular model systems. The overall goal of this FOA is to establish next generation human cellular model systems for ADRDs to serve as tools to interrogate molecular disease mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage grant applications for investigator-initiated comparative effectiveness research (CER) to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The study must address questions within the mission and research interests of the NINDS and may evaluate preventive strategies, diagnostic approaches, or interventions including drugs, biologics, and devices, or surgical, behavioral, and rehabilitation therapies. Information about the mission and research interests of the NINDS can be found at the NINDS website (https://www.ninds.nih.gov/). Studies proposed should provide a cost-effective means of collecting data with a meaningful bearing on current clinical practice. Awards made under this FOA will initially support a milestone-driven planning phase (UG3) for up to 2 years, with possible transition to a observational study phase of up to five years (UH3). Only UG3 projects that have met the scientific milestones and feasibility requirements may transition to the UH3 phase. The UG3/UH3 application must be submitted as a single application, following the instructions described in this FOA. The UG3 phase for observational studies will permit both scientific and operational planning activities. Scientific planning activities include small-scale data collection to assess the feasibility and/or acceptability of data collection, storage, and planned analyses. Operational planning activities include, at a minimum, development of recruitment and retention strategies, case report forms, data management system and other tools for data and quality management. The UH3 phase of the award will support the conduct of investigator-initiated observational study.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites an application to continue a Connectome Coordination Facility.The competition is limited to the R24 awardee of RFA-MH-15-750.The goal of this award is to (1) maintain a central data repository for Human Connectome data; (2) provide a helpdesk service to answer questions from investigators who are trying to collect data that are compatible with the existing Human Connectome data; and (3) to serve, in a limited capacity, to check quality control and harmonize data from existing Connectome awardees.

This purpose of this FOA is to identify risk factors for dementia progression in PDD. Applicants must have access to well-characterized populations of PDD patients that have been followed longitudinally that they can continue to follow with clinical assessments and biospecimen collection until autopsy. Research should propose to identify clinical, pathological and/or biospecimen factors that predict which patients will develop cognitive impairment and/or dementia.