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This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) invites applications for a Measurement Core for the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. Working collaboratively with the other members of the ECHO Cohort consortium, the ECHO Cohort Measurement Core will: 1) develop and refine measures for the ECHO Cohort Protocol, including methods to implement the measures; 2) assist all ECHO Cohort Study Sites, Cores, and Centers in implementing and evaluating the ECHO Cohort Protocol which comprises standardized measures at specified study visits; and 3) lead strategic decision-making to incorporate new and revised measures to advance ECHO Cohort science while moderating participant and staff burden.

This FOA runs in parallel with companion FOAs that solicit applications for Cohort Study Sites for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants and for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA-OD-22-018), for Cohort Study Sites only for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants (RFA-OD-22-019), for Cohort Study Sites only for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA-OD-22-017), for an ECHO Coordinating Center (RFA-OD-22-021), for an ECHO Data Analysis Center (RFA-OD-22-022), and for an ECHO Laboratory Core (RFA-OD-22-016).

The purpose of this FOA is to invite applications for a Coordinating Center for the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. The ECHO Cohort Coordinating Center will provide comprehensive operational leadership and an organizational infrastructure to manage and coordinate all ECHO Cohort activities. The Coordinating Centers main roles are to: 1) Provide oversight and effective project management for all aspects of the ECHO Cohort consortium; 2) Support multiple ECHO Cohort committees and serve as the centralized ECHO Cohort communications center; and 3) Administer the Opportunities and Innovation Fund.

This FOA runs in parallel with companion FOAs that solicit applications for Cohort Study Sites for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants and for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA-OD-22-018), for Cohort Study Sites only for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants (RFA-OD-22-019), for Cohort Study Sites only for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA-OD-22-017), for an ECHO Data Analysis Center (RFA-OD-22-022), for an ECHO Measurement Core (RFA-OD-22-020), and for an ECHO Laboratory Core (RFA-OD-22-016).

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) invites applications for a Data Analysis Center for the NIH Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. The Data Analysis Center's main roles are to 1) lead, standardize, and integrate ECHO Cohort Protocol data capture, management, and storage through a central data system; 2) provide analytic support and expertise to analysis proposals approved by the ECHO Cohort consortium; and 3) enrich research infrastructure and data science to facilitate broader sharing of ECHO Cohort data and resources with the scientific community.

This FOA runs in parallel with companion FOAs that solicit applications for Cohort Study Sites for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants and for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA -OD-22-018), for Cohort Study Sites only for follow-up of existing ECHO Cohort participants (RFA-OD-22-019), for Cohort Study Sites only for recruitment of new pregnant participants (RFA-OD-22-017), for an ECHO Coordinating Center (RFA-OD-22-021), for an ECHO Measurement Core (RFA-OD-22-020), and for an ECHO Laboratory Core (RFA-OD-22-016).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites grant applications to study the impact of opioids, alone or in combination with other substances of misuse, on placenta function and neurodevelopment during pregnancy and in the first year of life. Clinical Trials are not permitted for this FOA; researchers proposing Basic Experimental Studies with Humans (BESH) should consider the companion FOA, RFA-HD-23-032, HEAL Initiative: Opioid Exposure and Effects on Placenta Function, Brain Development, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (R01 Basic Experimental Studies with Humans Required).

The NIH Exploratory/Developmental Grant supports exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. These studies may involve considerable risk but may lead to a breakthrough in a particular area, or to the development of novel techniques, agents, methodologies, models, or applications that could have a major impact on a field of biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research. The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support developmental/exploratory studies of the impact of opioids, alone or in combination with other substances of misuse, on placenta function and neurodevelopment during pregnancy and in the first year of life. Clinical Trials are not permitted for this FOA; researchers proposing Basic Experimental Studies with Humans (BESH) should consider the companion FOA, RFA-HD-23-033, HEAL Initiative: Opioid Exposure and Effects on Placenta Function, Brain Development, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (R21 Basic Experimental Studies with Humans Required).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites grant applications to study the impact of opioids, alone or in combination with other substances of misuse, on placenta function and neurodevelopment during pregnancy and in the first year of life using experimental designs that prospectively assign human participants to conditions (i.e., experimentally manipulate independent variables) and that assess biomedical and/or behavioral outcomes in humans to understand fundamental aspects of phenomena related to opioid exposure during pregnancy. NIH considers such studies as Basic Experimental Studies with Humans (BESH), or prospective basic science studies involving human participants that meet the NIH definition of basic research and fall within the NIH definition of clinical trials (see, e.g., NOT-OD-19-024). Applications should not propose a goal of clinical outcomes or products. Applications that propose studies including model animal research or observational studies involving humans should submit under the companion FOA, RFA-HD-23-030, "Opioid Exposure and Effects on Placenta Function, Brain Development, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (R01 Clinical Trials Not Allowed).

The NIH Exploratory/Developmental Grant supports exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. These studies may involve considerable risk but may lead to a breakthrough in a particular area, or to the development of novel techniques, agents, methodologies, models, or applications that could have a major impact on a field of biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites Exploratory/Developmental Grant applications to study the impact of opioids, alone or in combination with other substances of misuse, on placenta function and neurodevelopment during pregnancy and in the first year of life using experimental designs that prospectively assign human participants to conditions (i.e., experimentally manipulate independent variables) and that assess biomedical and/or behavioral outcomes in humans to understand fundamental aspects of phenomena related to opioid exposure during pregnancy. NIH considers such studies as Basic Experimental Studies with Humans (BESH), or prospective basic science studies involving human participants that meet the NIH definition of basic research and fall within the NIH definition of clinical trials (see, e.g., NOT-OD-19-024). Applications should not propose a goal of clinical outcomes or products. Applications that propose studies including model animal research or observational studies involving humans should submit under the companion FOA, RFA-HD-23-031,"Opioid Exposure and Effects on Placenta Function, Brain Development, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (R21 Clinical Trials Not Allowed).

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites applications for basic research projects on chemical warfare agents, toxic industrial chemicals, and pesticides that have primary or secondary effects on the nervous system. Chemical threats are toxic compounds that could be used in a terrorist attack or accidentally released from industrial production, storage, or shipping. Projects supported by this FOA are expected to generate data that elucidate mechanisms of toxicity of these agents, possible new manifestations of toxic exposures, and potential new targets for therapeutic development.

This initiative is designed to promote discovery of cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie brain blood vessels responses to passive anti-beta-amyloid immunotherapy that result in amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). The goal is to establish an understanding of molecular mechanisms that can be targeted to protect the blood brain barrier (BBB), and thus the brain blood vessels, during therapeutic interventions that target beta-amyloid.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) supports the optimization of promising genome editing-based therapeutic leads for Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), towards IND-enabling studies. Specifically, it supports the characterization and optimization of therapeutic lead(s) that show promise as potential genome editing therapeutics, as evidenced by convincing proof-of-concept studies in appropriate models. At the end of the funding period, successful projects will have optimized a genome editing therapeutic candidate with demonstrated bioactivity, manufacturability, biodistribution, in vivo efficacy, and/or target engagement (measurement of proximal downstream effects) and optimal dosing, combined with other properties consistent with the desired clinical application. This FOA is not specific for any one or group within the AD/ADRD spectrum of disorders. Disorders, and includes genome editing therapies for: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementias (LBD) (including Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson Disease Dementia (PDD)), Vascular contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID), Alzheimers Disease (AD) and Multiples Etiology Dementias (MED).