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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages exploratory and developmental grant applications to lay the foundation for innovative and collaborative basic research on the role of epigenetics in social, behavioral, environmental and biological relationships, throughout the life-span and across generations. Research plans that are responsive to this FOA will use existing bio-psycho-social and environmental data from human cohorts or animal studies that have biospecimens available for epigenetic profiling. The one year exploratory/developmental awards are expected to generate preliminary data for comprehensive basic research applications to study interactions between epigenetics and social/behavioral/biological/environmental factors in both normal function and pathophysiology throughout life and across generations. The results may ultimately inform research to develop clinical decision/diagnostic tools and prevention/treatment strategies.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications to support research designed to elucidate the etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and optimal means of service delivery in relation to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Basic, clinical, and applied studies are encouraged.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications to support research designed to elucidate the etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and optimal means of service delivery in relation to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Basic, clinical, and applied studies are encouraged. The R21 grant mechanism is intended to encourage exploratory and developmental research projects by providing support for the early and conceptual stages of these projects. These studies may involve considerable risk but may lead to a breakthrough in a particular area, or to the development of novel techniques, agents, methodologies, models, or applications that could have a major impact on biomedical, behavioral, or clinical research.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Cooperative Research Projects (U01s). The mission of the CounterACT U01 program is to develop new and improved therapeutics for chemical threats. Chemical threats are toxic chemicals that could be used in a terrorist attack or accidentally released from industrial production, storage or shipping. They include traditional chemical warfare agents, toxic industrial chemicals, and pesticides. Applicants are encouraged to contact the Program Officials listed in this FOA to determine if their proposed threat agent(s) or countermeasure(s) is of high program priority for one of the participating Institutes. The scope of the research to be supported includes target and candidate identification and characterization, through candidate optimization and demonstration of in vivo efficacy, through Investigational New Drug (IND) submission when appropriate. Each project must include milestones that create discrete go or no-go decision points in a progressive translational study plan.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications from research institutions damaged as a result of Hurricane Sandy for the purpose of supporting recovery and restoration of new and early stage investigator pilot research and data destroyed or damaged as a result of the hurricane. Benefits of this award are restricted to the FEMA declared major disaster states, which are: Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia.

The purpose of this funding opportunity is for investigators and institutions impacted by Hurricane Sandy and with active NIH grants to request: 1) a 24-month extension of the current budget period, with 12-months of funding at the same funding level as the current year of the grant; and/or, 2a) one-time administrative supplements of up to $50,000 in direct costs (excluding consortium F&A costs) to replace lost and/or damaged research resources; and/or 2b) up to $100,000 to replace a single item of equipment so long as that request is accompanied by well-documented support for the need to replace that item of equipment. Applicable F&A costs should also be requested.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to invite applications to participate as a National Data Management Center for the NINDS Stroke Trials Network. Separate FOAs have been issued to solicit applications for the Regional Coordinating Stroke Centers (RFA-NS-13-011) and the National Clinical Coordinating Center (RFA-NS-13-012). The primary goal of this network is to maximize efficiencies to develop, promote and conduct high-quality, multi-site exploratory phase 1/2 and confirmatory phase 3 clinical trials focused on key interventions, as well as biomarker-validation studies that are immediately preparatory to trials, in stroke prevention, treatment, and recovery with the objective to have a balanced portfolio between all three approaches. The network will include multiple regional coordinating stroke centers around the U.S. representing a larger number of community stroke centers all coordinated through separate National Clinical Coordinating and Data Management Centers.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites research grant applications to address the problem of HIV-1 persistence focused solely on the central nervous system (CNS) of HIV-infected persons treated with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). This FOA will support innovative research in five areas: (1) basic research to identify and characterize persistent HIV-1 in CNS derived cells such as macrophages, microglia, and/or astrocytes in the setting of suppressive anti-retroviral therapy, with or without substance use; (2) basic research to determine the mechanisms involved in the temporal establishment, maintenance, and resurgence of persistent HIV-1 in CNS in relationship to the timing of antiretroviral therapy; (3) development of physiologically relevant animal models and CNS-based cellular assays that recapitulate HIV-1 persistence and latency in the presence of effective HAART including effects of chronic substance use; (4) assessment of current and emerging eradication approaches on whether and/or how well they have successfully reactivated persistent HIV from CNS-derived cells such as macrophages, microglia and astrocytes; and (5) assessment of CNS toxicity and adverse impact of current and emerging eradication strategies. Applications ranging from basic to translational research in domestic and international settings are of interest. Multidisciplinary research teams are encouraged but not required.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites research grant applications to address the problem of HIV-1 persistence focused solely on the central nervous system (CNS) of HIV-infected persons treated with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). This FOA will support innovative research in five areas: (1) basic research to identify and characterize persistent HIV-1 in CNS derived cells such as macrophages, microglia and/or astrocytes in the setting of suppressive anti-retroviral therapy, with or without substance use; (2) basic research to determine the mechanisms involved in the temporal establishment, maintenance, and resurgence of persistent HIV-1 in CNS in relationship to the timing of antiretroviral therapy; (3) development of physiologically relevant animal models and CNS-based cellular assays that recapitulate HIV-1 persistence and latency in the presence of effective HAART, including effects of chronic substance use; (4) assessment of current and emerging eradication approaches on whether and/or how well they have successfully reactivated persistent HIV from CNS-derived cells such as macrophages, microglia and astrocytes; and (5) assessment of CNS toxicity and adverse impact of current and emerging eradication strategies. Applications ranging from basic to translational research in domestic and international settings are of interest. Multidisciplinary research teams are encouraged but not required.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), issued as part of the NIH Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences Opportunity Network (OppNet), encourages revision applications to incorporate basic research on behavioral and social mechanisms underlying stigma into active R01 research projects. For this initiative, projects may focus on stigma processes and mechanisms from the perspective of stigmatized individuals or groups and/or of individuals or groups holding stigmatizing beliefs. Projects may examine stigma in the context of specific health conditions; however, the focus of the work must be on the underlying mechanisms of stigma rather than on condition-specific manifestations of stigma.