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Purpose. This FOA solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations proposing exceptionally innovative research on novel hypotheses or difficult problems, solutions to which would have an extremely high impact on biomedical or biobehavioral research that is germane to the mission of one or more of the participating NIH Institutes. This FOA is for support of new projects, not continuation of projects that have already been initiated. It does not support pilot projects, i.e., projects of limited scope that are designed primarily to generate data that will enable the PD/PI to seek other funding. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. NIGMS ($6 million, 18-22 awards), NCI ($3 million, 10-12 awards), NCCAM ($400,000, 1 award), NIAAA $600,000, 2 awards), NIDCR $800,000, 1-2 awards), NIDA ($1 million, 3-4 awards), NIMH ($2 million, 6-9 awards), and NINDS ($2 million, 6 awards) are participating in this initiative. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Budget and Project Period. Support may be requested for up to $800,000 in direct costs (excluding consortium Facilities and Administrative [F&A] costs) over a four-year period, prorated for shorter terms ($600,000 for three years, $400,000 for two years). Regardless of the term of support, direct costs (excluding consortium F&A costs) may not exceed $250,000 in any one year.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the NIH Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences Opportunity Network (OppNet) solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions and organizations that propose to investigate the mechanistic pathways linking psychosocial stressors and behavior. This research will facilitate investigation of multiple and potentially bidirectional pathways underlying the link between psychosocial stressors and behaviors that may ultimately impact biological function, health, and disease. Applicants are encouraged to use model systems and longitudinal approaches to design innovative and integrative studies to elucidate how psychological factors, social factors, and environments impact the processes by which stressors are coupled with and influenced by various behaviors. Applications examining moderating factors such as individual demographic (age, gender/sex, ethnicity) and psychological (vulnerabilities, resilience) differences, risk factors, early exposure, and environments (including toxicants) are desirable. This research will provide a deeper understanding of the psychological, environmental, and social processes that ultimately connect psychosocial stress to behaviors, physiological processes, health, and disease. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. OppNet intends to commit approximately $1,325,000 million in total costs (Direct plus Facilities and Administrative [F&A] costs) in FY 2011 to fund 2-3 new grants in response to this FOA, pending the number and quality of applications and availability of funds.

Purpose. This FOA issued by the NIH Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences Opportunity Network (OppNet) solicits Research Project Grant (R21) applications from institutions and organizations that propose to develop and test conceptually-based and comprehensive measures of psychosocial stress that can be applied across species and across the lifespan. Applicants submitting proposals under this FOA are encouraged to incorporate variations in exposures, chronicity, environments (including toxicants and social environments), cognitions, and responses, as well as capture important factors for measuring stress in both humans and animals, in men and women, and across the lifespan. Such studies should demonstrate that the measures, coupled with appropriate bridges between laboratory and population-based designs, advance our understanding of the components of psychosocial stressors that are most relevant to disease, and provide comparability across studies. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R21 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. OppNet intends to commit approximately $1,050,000 million in total costs (Direct plus Facilities and Administrative [F and A] costs) in FY 2011 to fund 4-6 new grants in response to this FOA, pending the number and quality of applications and availability of funds. A period of up to 2 years of funding may be requested. Applicants should budget travel expenses for Principal Investigators (PIs) to attend one 2-day meeting of FOA grantees per year.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the NIH Basic Behavioral and Social Science Opportunity Network (OppNet) solicits research applications examining basic mechanisms of behavioral maintenance. The intent of this FOA is to advance research on basic processes and mechanisms involved in sustaining learned behavior over time and in the context of dynamic environmental influences and changing psychological and biological states. Maintenance of health behavior change is a critical problem in applied clinical research, and innovative strategies to address this problem require a better understanding of basic processes and mechanisms involved in long-term behavior maintenance. This FOA requests applications that will improve our understanding of how newly learned, effortful, and goal-directed behaviors transition to less effortful, automatic, and essentially non-goal-directed behaviors that are more easily maintained over time. A range of possible processes and mechanisms (e.g., neurobiological, cognitive, and environmental) may be proposed for study, and applicants are encouraged to study multiple mechanisms and their potential interactions. Regardless of mechanisms or processes of interest, however, applications should test how these mechanisms and processes facilitate or impede the transition from newly learned, effortful, and goal-directed behaviors to less effortful, automatic, and essentially non-goal-directed behaviors. A wide array of research proposals are potentially appropriate under this FOA, ranging from animal neurobehavioral models to human learning studies of social and environmental influences that facilitate or impede the transition to habitually maintained behaviors. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. OppNet intends to commit approximately $3,750,000 in total costs (Direct plus Facilities and Administrative [F&A] costs) in FY 2011 to fund approximately 5 new grants in response to this FOA.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications from institutions/organizations to develop novel, robust analytical platforms using in vitro assays to reveal changes in neuronal and/or glial function. The goal is to adapt state-of-the-art measures of basic cellular processes or molecular events that are key mediators of brain function with the intent to probe mechanisms and/or perturbations in an unbiased and efficient manner. The novel assay platforms would provide opportunities to measure neurobiological endpoints and build a pipeline to be used in the context of target identification and drug discovery. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The NIMH intends to commit approximately $3 million total costs in FY 2011 to fund 5-10 awards and NINDS intends to commit approximately $2 million total costs in FY 2011 to fund 3-6 awards.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a program announcement (PA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH). It encourages R01 grant applications from institutions/organizations that intend to perform innovative research that will expand our current knowledge of neurobiological mechanisms underlying migraine headache, examine the role of neuromodulators, genetic and environmental influences in migraine susceptibility, and explore new targets for therapy development. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-10-259, that encourages applications under the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a program announcement (PA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and Office of Research on Womens Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH). It encourages R21 grant applications from institutions/organizations that intend to perform innovative research that will expand our current knowledge of neurobiological mechanisms underlying migraine headache, examine the role of neuromodulators, genetic and environmental influences in migraine susceptibility, and explore new targets for therapy development. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-10-258, that encourages applications under the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism, numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This FOA issued by the NIH Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences Opportunity Network (OppNet) solicits exploratory/developmental (R21) research applications examining basic mechanisms of self-regulation. The intent of this FOA is to advance research on basic processes and mechanisms of self-regulation, capitalizing on recent advances in methods and theory from the psychological (social, personality, developmental), economic, neuroscience, sociocultural, and other behavioral and social science literatures. The current lack of consistency and conceptual integration in how self-regulation is studied across a range of disciplines hinders our understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying many important health and developmental outcomes. Applications submitted to this FOA are expected to address one or more of the following basic behavioral and social science research (b-BSSR) challenges: (1) to precisely identify and operationally reconcile the basic processes and mechanisms involved in self-regulation of cognition, emotion, and behavior, and refine their measurement and theoretical conceptualizations, (2) to assess relations among various self-regulatory functions and their sub-components, and (3) to systematically characterize changes in self-regulatory functions over time, across different social and environmental contexts, and across the lifespan in both men and women. Proposals are expected to engage investigators working at multiple levels of analysis and across disparate literatures. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R21 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. OppNet intends to commit approximately $1,900,000 in total costs (Direct plus Facilities and Administrative (F&A) costs) in FY 2011 to fund 6-8 new grants in response to this FOA.

Purpose. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) issued by the Fogarty International Center (FIC), together with the Office of Dietary Supplements (OD/ODS), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), encourages applications for the Chronic, Non-Communicable Diseases and Disorders Across the Lifespan: Fogarty International Research Training Award (NCD-LIFESPAN) D43 program for collaborative research training between institutions in the U.S. and low-and middle-income countries (LMIC), defined by the World Bank classification system. The proposed institutional research training program is expected to sustainably strengthen the research capacity of the LMIC institutions, and to train in-country experts to conduct research on chronic, non-communicable diseases and disorders across the lifespan, with the ultimate goal of implementing evidence-based interventions relevant to their countries. Mechanism of Support: This FOA will use the NIH Institutional Research Training D43 grant mechanism. Training programs may not be transferred from one institution to another. (See section VI.2.) Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed international research training program will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This FOA issued by the Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Opportunity Network (OppNet), National Institutes of Health, solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to investigate the reciprocal interactions of the processes of sleep and circadian regulation and function with behavioral and social environment processes. Sleep is a complex biological phenomenon that is essential to normal behavioral and social functioning, as well as optimal health. In spite of its vital nature, the mechanisms by which social environment factors affect sleep behavior patterns have not been studied systematically, especially within the contexts of individual vulnerabilities and resilience. There is a need for greater understanding of the dynamic relationships between behavioral and social environment factors on the one hand and the basic mechanisms of sleep-wake and circadian regulation and function on the other. This FOA is not intended to support research on or development of treatments or interventions for disorders of sleep or circadian rhythms. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 award mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, RFA-HD-11-102, that encourages applications under the R21 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. OppNet intends to commit up to $2 million in FY 2011 to fund 5-6 applications submitted in response to this FOA, pending the number and quality of applications and availability of funds.