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Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to provide a vehicle for submitting grant applications for investigator-initiated, multi-site, randomized, controlled Phase III clinical trials to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The trials may address any research question related to the mission and goals of the NINDS. Information about the mission, strategic plan and research interests of the NINDS can be found at the NINDS website (http://www.ninds.nih.gov/). This FOA is not intended for support of single-center studies or multi-center observational studies that are not testing an intervention. NINDS requires the submission of separate applications for the Clinical Coordinating Center (CCC) and the Data Coordinating Center (DCC). Separate applications for core functions (e.g., quality of life/economic analyses, imaging centers) may be submitted, but are not required. This FOA is to be used for the submission of each component (see Section IV. for instructions).

Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to provide a vehicle for submitting grant applications for investigator-initiated exploratory clinical trials to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The trials must address research questions related to the mission and goals of the NINDS and may evaluate drugs, biologics, devices, or surgical, behavioral or rehabilitation therapies. Information about the mission, strategic plans and research interests of the NINDS can be found at the NINDS website (http:\\www.ninds.nih.gov). Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the impact, quality, number, duration, and cost of the applications received.

Purpose. This FOA is issued as an initiative of the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research.The Neuroscience Blueprint is a collaborative framework through which 16 NIH Institutes, Centers and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, with the aim of accelerating discoveries and reducing the burden of nervous system disorders (for further information, see http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/). The goal of this FOA is to facilitate research collaborations between pain scientists and non-pain neuroscientists with expertise in neuroplasticity in order to study biological mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic pain. These collaborations will capture insights and expertise from disciplines where transitions from health to disease have been extensively examined. The purpose of this FOA is to encourage submission of multi-PI grant applications that propose highly collaborative, multidisciplinary research projects addressing neuropathic pain conditions. An expected outcome of this FOA will be the formation of partnerships between pain researchers and non-pain neuroscientists to develop new collaborations focused on understanding the maladaptive neuroplastic changes that occur during the transition from acute to chronic neuropathic pain. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The participating Neuroscience Blueprint Institutes intend to commit $5 million in 2011 to fund approximately 7-10 awards in response to this FOA. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Budget and Project Period. Direct costs appropriate for the project and a project duration of up to five years may be requested.

Purpose. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) announces a unique opportunity for investigators working with molecular probe compounds to gain access to a robust virtual pharma drug development network to develop neurotherapeutic drugs. Successful applicants to this initiative will be collaborative participants in this network, receiving both funding and no-cost access to contracted drug development services that are not typically available to the NIH-funded research community. Funding will be provided through a U01 cooperative agreement to conduct biological testing of compound analogs in disease assays and models in the investigators laboratory. No-cost drug development services will also be provided, including medicinal chemistry optimization, IND-directed pharmacology and toxicology, and Phase I clinical testing. Researchers who have disease assays and small molecule compounds that show promise for treating nervous system and psychiatric disorders, but that are not yet suitable for clinical testing, are strongly encouraged to apply. Investigators funded through this FOA will be active partners in the design and implementation of the drug development strategy in collaboration with an NIH-appointed advisory panel of drug development experts. This program is structured to allow investigators to maintain control of the intellectual property generated using their assays and starting compounds and to pursue commercialization of compounds that are developed within the program. This program was established by the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience and will consider applications for nervous system disorders within the missions of any of the 16 participating NIH Institutes (http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/blueprint_basics/about_blueprint.h…). Disorders of interest include, but are not limited to, neurological, psychiatric and developmental disorders, dementias of aging, diseases and disorders of the eye or ear, and drug and alcohol dependence and addiction. By initiating development of up to 20 new small-molecule compounds over two years, we anticipate that approximately four compounds will enter Phase 1 clinical trials within this program. The ultimate goals of this Neurotherapeutics Grand Challenge are to produce at least one novel and effective drug for a nervous system disorder that is currently poorly treated and to catalyze industry interest in novel disease targets by demonstrating early-stage success. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will use the NIH Research Project Cooperative Agreement (U01) award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The participating ICs intend to commit up to $1,750,000 in FY 11 to fund up to 10 awards in the first year of this program. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. It is anticipated that funded projects will carry direct costs of up to $125,000 per year for in vitro and/or in vivo bioactivity screening.

Purpose. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invites research project grant (R01) applications aimed at validating novel molecular targets for disease-modifying therapeutic intervention in Huntingtons disease. This FOA is for support of new projects, and not the continuation of projects that have already been initiated with NIH funding. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. $4,500,000 has been set aside in fiscal year 2011 for support of 3 to 4 R01 research projects (assuming average direct costs of $250,000 per year and an average length of four years) in addition to those funded within NINDS regular funding policies. In subsequent years, the amount available will be contingent upon the availability of funds and will be announced in Notices published in the NIH Guide to Grants and Contracts.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Cooperative Research Projects (U01s). The mission of the CounterACT U01 program is to develop new and improved therapeutics for chemical threats. Chemical threats are toxic chemicals that could be used in a terrorist attack or accidentally released from industrial production, storage or shipping. They include traditional chemical warfare nerve agents such as sarin and VX, and toxic industrial chemicals and pesticides such as cyanide, chlorine, parathion, and sodium fluoroacetate. The scope of the research to be supported includes target and candidate identification and characterization, through candidate optimization and demonstration of in vivo efficacy, through Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and Phase 1 clinical trials when appropriate. Each project must include milestones that create discrete go or no-go decision points in a progressive translational study plan. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Research Project Cooperative Agreements (U01) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PAR-10-181, that encourages applications for CounterACT Research Centers of Excellence (U54). Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The participating Institutes intend to commit an average of $6 million per year in Fiscal Years 2011, 2012, and 2013 to fund new and/or competing renewal awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the number, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications for Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT) Research Centers of Excellence (U54s). The mission of the CounterACT U54 program is to develop new and improved therapeutics for chemical threats. Chemical threats are toxic chemicals that could be used in a terrorist attack or accidentally released from industrial production, storage or shipping. They include traditional chemical warfare nerve agents such as sarin and VX, and toxic industrial chemicals and pesticides such as cyanide, chlorine, parathion, and sodium fluoroacetate. The scope of the research to be supported includes target and candidate identification and characterization, through candidate optimization and demonstration of in vivo efficacy, through Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and Phase 1 clinical trials when appropriate. Each new CounterACT Research Center of Excellence will be composed of an administrative core, scientifically related research and development subprojects, and scientific cores if needed and justified. Applicants must demonstrate that the formation of an interdisciplinary Center will produce a synergistic research environment that allows each project to share the creative strengths and resources of the others. Research and development plans must include milestones that create discrete go or no-go decision points in a progressive translational study plan. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the Specialized Center Cooperative Agreement (U54) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PAR-10-180 that encourages applications under the Research Project Cooperative Agreements (U01) program. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The participating Institutes intend to commit an average of $6 million per year in Fiscal Years 2011, 2012, and 2013 to fund new and/or competing renewal awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the number, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) for projects to design and develop advanced tools and technologies that will lead to improved clinical treatment for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) patients. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-10-176 which encourages applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) for projects to design and develop advanced tools and technologies that will lead to improved clinical treatment for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) patients. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-10-175, which encourages applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. The goal of the International Neuroscience Fellowship (INF) is to advance the training of qualified foreign neuroscientists and clinicians at the early or mid-career level, by enhancing their basic, translational or clinical research skills in a research setting in the United States (U.S.). This program aims to strengthen the intellectual capital of neuroscience research in international institutions. Awardees are expected to pursue future independent and productive careers, which stimulate research in the neurosciences on a global scale. Mechanism of Support. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the international research fellowship (F05) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.