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The overall goals of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)Career Transition Award (K22) program are to enable outstanding individuals to obtain a research training experience in the NINDS Division of Intramural Research and to facilitate their successful transition to an extramural environment as independent researchers. The award will provide two to three years of support for research training in a NINDS intramural laboratory followed by two to three years of support for an independent research project in an extramural institution. The combined duration cannot exceed five years. It is anticipated that awardees will subsequently obtain research project grants such as the R01 to support the continuation of their work.

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute of Child Health Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) invite exploratory/developmental research grant applications (R21) to facilitate the translation of fundamental neurobiology to pediatric brain disorders of anomalous development, neurodegeneration, and injury. Emphasis is placed on cross-discipline collaborations, novel hypotheses, and unique approaches in applying fundamental neurobiological concepts to pediatric brain disorders. Special consideration will be given to proposals that enhance the application of our scientific knowledge to understanding the pathobiology and treatment of these clinical disorders.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent and dangerous occurrence in the United States, with approximately 2 million new cases each year. It is the leading cause of mortality in persons under 45 years old, and a leading cause of disability in all age groups. In adult age groups (ages 21-55) a moderate or even "mild" TBI can result in lifelong deficits in cognition, behavior, and emotional stability that can be described as decreased executive functioning. Such problems impair employment, disrupt stable social relationships and can isolate the individual to a narrow world of disability and reduced opportunity. Researchers have defined many pathological events that occur in the brain early after a TBI, and are beginning to define behavioral consequences in more chronic periods, but the underlying neurobiology for the deficits in executive functioning have not been defined. Strategies to overcome the long-term consequences of TBI include cognitive- behavioral intervention, pharmacological management, assistive technology, environmental manipulation, education and counseling. Little research has been done on the efficacy of these approaches. Use of functional imaging to evaluate the circuitry involved in the cognitive/behavioral aspects of executive function in TBI may reveal insights that could be applied to the evaluation of such attempts at treatment. Therefore, the NINDS, the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research in NICHD, and NIMH seek research devoted to functional imaging of brain activity in brain-injured individuals with complex cognitive deficits that constitute altered executive functioning.

Participating Institutes and Centers of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invite applications for P20 planning grants that lead to the establishment of National Programs of Excellence in Biomedical Computing. Susequent to this program announcement, a series of solicitations will be issued by participating NIH Institutes and Centers to invite applications for National Programs of Excellence in Biomedical Computing (NPEBC) awards.

Participating Institutes and Centers of the National Institutes of Health invite applications for innovative research in biomedical information science and technology to promote the progress of biomedical research. There exists an expanding opportunity to speed the progress of biomedical research through the power of computing to manage and analyze data and to model biological processes. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical information science and technology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here, biomedical computing or biomedical information science and technology includes database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, synthesis, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical models and simulations.

Participating Institutes and Centers of the National Institutes of Health invite applications for innovative research in biomedical information science and technology to promote the progress of biomedical research. There exists an expanding opportunity to speed the progress of biomedical research through the power of computing to manage and analyze data and to model biological processes. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical information science and technology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here biomedical computing or biomedical information science and technology includes, database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, synthesis, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical models and simulations.

The purpose of this Program Announcement (PA) is to solicit applications to expand research on established self-management interventions to multiple chronic diseases across the life-course. Interventions aimed at chronic disease self-management are numerous and many are well described in the literature. They are often presented as specific to a particular chronic disease. This PA encourages applicants to investigate the applicability of effective self-management interventions to a broader spectrum of chronic diseases. Chronic disease, for this announcement, is defined as illnesses that are prolonged, are rarely cured completely, and require self-management behaviors by affected individuals and/or their caretakers.

This Program Announcement (PA) and PA-00-106 – Basic And Translational Research In Emotion: Small Grants (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-00-106.html) are revisions of PA-94-059, which was published in the NIH Guide on April 29, 1994. Under this PA, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite research grant applications to expand basic research on the processes and mechanisms involved in the experience and expression of emotion.

In response to new research discoveries on parkin in the neurodegeneration of Parkinson’s Disease, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invites qualified investigators to submit grant applications for focused studies of the role of parkin and related proteins in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The overall purpose of this initiative is to support and stimulate focused studies of the role of parkin and related proteins in Parkinson’s and other neurodegenerative diseases to elucidate potential common mechanisms relevant to neurodegeneration.

The purpose of this Program Announcement (PA) is to stimulate ground-based research on basic, applied, and clinical biomedical and behavioral problems that are relevant to human space flight or that could use the space environment as a laboratory. Although none of the research supported under this initiative would be conducted in space, it is anticipated that it would form a basis for future competitively reviewed studies which could be conducted on the International Space Station, or other space flight opportunities, by skilled on-board specialists.