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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) seeks applications for the Implementation Science Hub/Resource Center for the Maternal Health Research Centers of Excellence initiative. This FOA runs in parallel with companion FOAs that seek applications for Research Centers of Excellence (RFA-HD-23-NNN) and an Innovation and Coordinating Hub/Resource Center (RFA-HD-23-NNN). It is expected that the Implementation Science Hub will serve as a resource to Maternal Health Research Centers of Excellence, with a particular emphasis on assisting in implementing evidence-informed programs, practices and policies to improve maternal health outcomes. The Implementation Science Hub will help bridge the evidence-to-practice gap to support the development and implementation of strategies to inform integrated efforts involving policy and practice changes to improve pregnancy, perinatal, and postpartum care and advance maternal health and maternal health equity. Studies that promote equitable dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions among underrepresented communities are strongly encouraged.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support studies that expand the use of existing AD/ADRD data resources to drive new discoveries that can lead to better understanding of the relationship between early life social determinants of health (SDOH), adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), AD/ADRD biomarkers, and the development of cognitive impairment and dementia, especially in populations experiencing health disparities.

The purpose of this NINDS-led Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) initiative is to 1) develop tools, standards, and an Open-source software platform that enables a federated (multiple data repository sites with a single access portal) approach for data sharing and analysis of human digital neuropathological slides and 2) perform software testing to validate and verify that the software and tools developed can be used to perform multisite neuropathological analyses using a federated approach. The federated approach requires a single access point of digital slides from multiple geographically distinct brain banks. The resources developed are expected to also enable cross-site annotation and computational image analysis, including advanced analytic approaches. A critical feature of this FOA includes the broad sharing of neuropathological data to further advance research in this area, including the development of a digital resource for distribution and sharing of assessed neuropathological tissue. Software and tools developed under this initiative are expected to be shared using Open Science principles, and the federated digital library is expected to follow FAIR data sharing principles.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) invites research to develop, characterize, and rigorously validate non-rodent mammalian models of pain, associated outcome measures and/or endpoints that enable translational research for effective pain management. These models are expected to recapitulate molecular, cellular, pathological, behavioral, and/or cognitive aspects of human pain disorders and conditions. Research supported under this FOA is expected to provide well-validated models and measures that facilitate the development of non-opioid analgesic therapeutic interventions with little or no addiction liability.

The NIH INvestigation of Co-occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE (INCLUDE) Project seeks to improve health and quality-of-life for individuals with Down syndrome (DS). This Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) announces NIH support for exploratory/developmental grant (R21) applications that are focused on community-based participatory research (CBPR) in DS to address health disparities and that meet programmatic objectives for the INCLUDE Project. Individuals with DS experience greater health disparities than the general population. These disparities in the DS community stem from disparities in healthcare services including receiving preventive services and access to quality care. Although the lifespan of individuals with DS has increased dramatically in the last few decades, the racial disparities in life expectancy are glaring. The median age of survival for Blacks and other racial groups falls way behind that of individuals with DS who are White although the prevalence of DS among all racial groups is about the same. Hence, it is important to understand the social determinants of heath (race, ethnicity, age, geography, and socioeconomic status) that lead to such disparities in the DS population. The Healthy People 2030 initiative [United States Department of Health and Human Services, 2030; https://health.gov/healthypeople] has also added Social Determinants of Health as a new objective to reduce health disparities and increase efforts to improve the health and well-being for all. To fully engage and understand the various factors (social, environmental, economic) contributing to health disparities in those with DS, we encourage collaboration and partnership among DS community members (those with DS, family members, self-advocates, and advocates) as well as various key stakeholders (scientists, clinicians, policy makers, educators) to propose projects that address these issues.

This Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) encourages the translation of the novel neurotechnologies, funded through the Helping to End Addiction Long-Term (HEAL) Initiative and overseen by the NIH Blueprint MedTech program. Academic and Small Business Concerns (SBCs) are encouraged to submit grant applications that propose non-clinical validation for subsequent clinical feasibility studies. Applications supporting the development and translation of groundbreaking neurotechnologies that fit within the mission of the HEAL Initiative are encouraged.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) encourages early-stage development of novel small molecule or biologic therapeutics for NINDS mission-relevant? Alzheimer's and related dementias: frontotemporal degeneration (FTD, including Picks disease and progressive supranuclear palsy), Lewy body dementias (LBD; including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinsons disease dementia (PDD), vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), and multiple etiology dementias (MED). This FOA covers four stages of early therapy discovery/development with each stage gated by go/no-go milestones. Applicants may enter the program at the stage appropriate to their research. The R61 phase supports preparatory research stages 1 -3: 1) development of in vitro and/or ex vivo assays that can support therapeutic screening efforts, 2) screening efforts to identify and characterize potential therapeutic agents, and 3) therapeutic optimization, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies. The R33 phase supports stage 4, in vivo efficacy studies in an animal model of disease. This FOA supports research to enable competitive follow-on applications that meet the entry criteria for the Blueprint Neurotherapeutics Network, Blueprint Biologics, or other similar later-stage translational programs.

More than 25 million Americans suffer from daily chronic pain, a highly debilitating medical condition that is complex and difficult to manage. In recent decades, there has been an overreliance in the prescription of opioids for chronic pain despite their poor ability to improve function and high addiction liability. This contributed to a significant and alarming epidemic of opioid overdose deaths and addictions. Innovative scientific solutions to develop alternative pain treatment options are thus critically needed. Through targeted research efforts, the NIH HEAL Initiative aims to support the development of safe and effective devices to treat pain with little or no addiction liability. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is designed to support interdisciplinary research teams of multiple PD/PIs to investigate the mechanism of action of pain relief by medical devices with the overall goal of optimizing therapeutic outcomes for FDA-approved or -cleared technologies. Program teams are expected to accomplish goals that require considerable synergy and collaborative interactions. Teams must leverage appropriate multi-disciplinary expertise to develop new principles and methods for experimentation, analysis, and interpretation. Teams are encouraged to consider objectives that will produce major advances in the field of pain relief by medical devices.

This Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) is being issued by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) with participation from multiple NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices (ICOs). This NOSI aims to promote mechanistic research of therapeutic benefits of minor cannabinoids and terpenes in the cannabis plant. Minor cannabinoids are defined as any and all cannabinoids from the cannabis plant other than ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (?9-THC). Cannabinoids of particular interest include the following: ?8-THC, Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromevarin (CBDV), tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabivarin acid (THCVA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), carmagerol, cannabicitran, sesquicannabigerol. Terpenes of particular interest include the following: Myrcene, -caryophyllene, Limonene, ? -terpineol, Linalool, ?-phellandrene, ?-pinene, -pinene, ?-terpinene, and ?-humulene. This NOSI intends to support highly innovative basic and/or mechanistic studies in appropriate model organisms and/or human subjects aiming to investigate the impact of minor cannabinoids and terpenes on mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects. Preclinical studies of combinations of minor cannabinoids with terpenes or other natural products that may enhance their therapeutic benefits and/or abate unwanted effects are encouraged.

The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain is a key pathological feature shared by many neurodegenerative diseases that can result in dementia such as Alzheimers Disease, Lewy Body Diseases, Frontotemporal Degeneration, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Classical prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease are a rare family of neurodegenerative disorders that occur when the cellular prion protein (PrPC) undergoes structural conversion to a pathological form (PrPSc), which is usually triggered by its interaction with an infectious variant of the protein that forces the conformational change. Once this process is initiated, it becomes self-propagating until toxic aggregates accumulate within the CNS, leading to neuronal death. Because misfolded proteins of AD/ADRD have been reported to share some features with pathological prion protein at the structural level, it has thus been proposed that ADRD-relevant proteins such as Alpha, tau, beta-synuclein, and TDP-43 (among others) may exhibit prion-like behaviors that lead to toxic aggregate and tangle formation. The goal of this initiative is to promote studies that increase our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which such prion-like conversion events occur and are propagated in AD/ADRD, as well as the downstream mechanisms that trigger neurotoxicity, pathological and circuit changes in the brain.