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Notice Intent Reissue Funding Opportunity Announcement BRAIN Initiative: Proof Concept Development Early Stage Next Generation Human Brain Imaging R01) Notice Number: NOT-EB-17-005 Key Dates Release Date: July 28, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: September 2017 First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017 Earliest Estimated Award Date: September 2018  Earliest Estimated Start Date: September 2018  Related Announcements NOT-EB-17-006 Issued National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Deafness Other Communication Disorders NIDCD) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) Purpose NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies BRAIN) Initiative intends reissue RFA-EB-17-001, Proof Concept Development Early Stage Next Generation Human Brain Imaging, modifications. funding opportunity aims support early stage development entirely new novel noninvasive human brain imaging technologies methods will lead transformative advances our understanding the human brain. FOA solicits unusually bold potentially transformative approaches supports small scale, proof concept development based exceptionally innovative, original and/or unconventional concepts.  Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful collaborations responsive projects.  FOA expected be published September2017 an expected application due date Winter 2017. FOA utilize R01 activity code. Details the planned FOA provided below Research Initiative Details Notice encourages investigators expertise insights this area noninvasive human brain imaging technologies methods begin consider applying this new FOA. FOA solicits unusually bold potentially transformative approaches supports small scale, proof concept development human brain imaging based exceptionally innovative, original and/or unconventional concepts. goal to accelerate early stage development promising entirely new concepts require initial stage development testing before launching full scale tool development. Applications submitted response this FOA should focus innovative approaches proof principle initial stage development breakthrough, noninvasive imaging technology measure human brain processes ways are currently unachievable via imaging technologies live persons. proposed concepts approaches expected be high-risk, high-impact, disruptive. APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Shumin Wang, PhD National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Telephone: 301-594-9001 Email: shumin.wang@nih.gov

Notice Intent Reissue Funding Opportunity Announcement BRAIN Initiative: Development Next Generation Human Brain Imaging Tools Technologies U01) Notice Number: NOT-EB-17-006 Key Dates Release Date: July 28, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: September 2017 First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017 Earliest Estimated Award Date: September 2018  Earliest Estimated Start Date: September 2018  Related Announcements NOT-EB-17-005 Issued National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Deafness Other Communication Disorders NIDCD) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) Purpose NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies BRAIN) Initiative intends reissue RFA-EB-17-002, Development Next Generation Human Brain Imaging Tools Technologies, modifications. funding opportunity aims support full development entirely new next generation noninvasive human brain imaging tools methods will lead transformative advances our understanding the human brain. FOA seeks innovative applications are ready full-scale development breakthrough technologies the intention delivering working tools within timeframe the BRAIN Initiative. FOA represents second stage the tool/technology development effort started RFA-MH-14-217 RFA-MH-15-200. Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful collaborations appropriate projects.  FOA expected be published September 2017 an expected application due date Winter 2017. FOA utilize U01 activity code. Details the planned FOA provided below Research Initiative Details Notice encourages investigators expertise insights this area noninvasive human brain imaging technologies methods begin consider applying this new FOA. FOA solicits applications proposing full development next generation human brain imaging breakthrough technologies would overcome existing barriers. developed, such technologies enable imaging measuring brain processes ways are currently unachievable, thereby acquiring fundamental novel insight how human brain organized functions. FOA provide needed resources support teams meet grand challenges developing novel transformative interdisciplinary approaches human brain imaging. intended outcome bold, high-impact, disruptive tools methods human neuroscience can used practically ethically healthy humans irrespective disease state. APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Shumin Wang, PhD National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Telephone: 301-594-9001 Email: shumin.wang@nih.gov

Solicitation Nominations the 2017 National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Landis Award Outstanding Mentorship Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-025 Key Dates Release Date: July 25, 2017 Related Announcements None Issued National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Purpose Excellent mentorship superior training critical the development exceptional future scientists. National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) recognize importance places outstanding mentorship training through new annual award, NINDS Landis Award Outstanding Mentorship. year, to five 5) faculty members are considered be outstanding mentors trainers be awarded 100,000 direct costs), be used foster advancement additional students postdoctorates towards independent research career. NINDS hopes this tangible award impress upon scientific community a whole, faculty institutional leaders particular, high value NINDS places outstanding training mentorship the need faculty institutions emphasize dedication mentorship addition outstanding research accomplishments. Selection this new award be based nomination those have first-hand knowledge an individual’s outstanding mentorship. Current former trainees nominate faculty members have served their mentors. Faculty members nominated two more mentees then invited submit additional information needed the selection process. Eligible individuals this award must in tenure-track equivalent faculty position hold active NINDS R01, R35 P01 at least year left their grant the time award. full details the award, the selection process, be found Landis Mentor Award. Because outstanding mentors exist each career stage, have different levels mentorship accomplishments, NINDS rotate eligibility requirements year. the first 3 years FY2018, 2019, 2020), NINDS seek nominations junior faculty mentors the 5th – 12th year the start their first tenure track equivalent position), mid-career mentors the 13th – 20th year the start their first tenure-track equivalent position), senior faculty mentors (>20 years their first tenure-track equivalent position), respectively. NINDS select awardees among nominated individuals conduct outstanding, rigorous research have shown dedication superior mentorship training. this notice, NINDS invites nominations outstanding mentors are 5 12 years the start their first tenure-track equivalent faculty positions.  Although nominees not an extensive track record mentorship, will have, the earliest stage their independent research careers, demonstrated dedication helping trainees towards goal becoming exceptional, successful, independent scientists. making mentorship awards these individuals, NINDS intends send strong message it recognizes time effort have dedicated the careers others to active training individuals conduct outstanding, rigorous, high-impact research. award meant encourage junior faculty dedicate themselves strong mentorship training others, addition their own research productivity, to encourage institutional leaders place high value training mentorship its faculty. Nomination. Nominations the NINDS Landis Mentor Award be accepted ONLY current former trainees the nominated individual. nominate current former mentor, individuals should click Landis Mentor Award complete nomination form December 15, 2017. following information be requested: Nominator's name current position Name individual being nominated nominee) Current institution email address nominee Start date nominee’s first tenure-track equivalent position Relationship nominator nominee dates mentorship, position nominator mentored nominee e.g. Former Current Graduate Student, Postdoctoral Fellow, etc.]) Statement describing basis the nomination. description should include: made/makes nominated individual exceptional mentor/trainer; are specific examples extraordinary dedication mentorship personally experienced witnessed; does individual to ensure trainees conduct highest quality research respect scientific premise, experimental design analysis; were specific nominee activities influenced nominator’s growth a neuroscientist. a nomination be considered, of above information must provided via nomination form found Landis Mentor Award. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Stephen Korn, Ph.D. National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Telephone: 301-496-4188 Email: korns@ninds.nih.gov

Informational Webinar NINDS PAR-16-112 Biomarkers Discovery Parkinsonism U01)" Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-036 Key Dates Release Date: July 21, 2017 Related Announcements PAR-16-112 Issued National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Purpose National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) be holding informational webinar July 31, 2017 12-1:30 pm EST the Funding Opportunity Announcement FOA) PAR-16-112, entitled Biomarkers Discovery Parkinsonism U01)". webinar provide brief introduction the FOA current resources available through NINDS Parkinson's disease Biomarkers Program PDBP).  Clinical laboratory based biomarker discovery projects supported under FOA include research directed towards identification and/or replication of: 1) diagnostic, prognostic progression biomarkers differentiate synucleinopathies tauopathies; 2) diagnostic, prognostic progression biomarkers sub-types Parkinson's disease PD) including genetically defined cohorts, biologically defined cohorts idiopathic PD ethnic subgroups idiopathic PD.  inclusion cutting edge approaches such telemedicine mobile technology monitoring encouraged. join WebEx meeting following link telephone information provided:   https://nih.webex.com/join/sutherlandmnih.gov   |  622 274 563       Join phone  1-650-479-3208 Call-in toll number US/Canada)  1-877-668-4493 Call-in toll-free number US/Canada)  Access code: 622 274 563  Global call-in numbers  |  Toll-free calling restrictions Participation this webinar, although encouraged, optional is required the submission an application. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Margaret Sutherland, PhD National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke Telephone: 301-496-5680 Email: sutherlandm@ninds.nih.gov

Notice Change Key Dates Global Brain Nervous System Disorders Research Across Lifespan R01)" Notice Number: NOT-TW-17-007 Key Dates Release Date:   July 21, 2017 Related Announcements PAR-17-314 Issued Fogarty International Center FIC) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Deafness Other Communication Disorders NIDCD) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Office Dietary Supplements ODS) Purpose purpose this notice to alert scientific community a change the Key Dates the PAR-17-314 quot;Global Brain Nervous System Disorders Research Across Lifespan R01)". Key Dates Currently Reads: Posted Date: June 13, 2017 Open Date Earliest Submission Date): October 7, 2017 Letter Intent Due Date(s): 30 days prior the application due date Application Due Date(s): November 7, 2017; November 7, 2018; November 7, 2019 Scientific Merit Review: February 2018; February 2019; February 2020  Advisory Council Review: 2018; 2019; 2020 Earliest Start Date: October 2017 Expiration Date: November 8, 2019 Modified Read: Posted Date: June 13, 2017 Open Date Earliest Submission Date): October 7, 2017 Letter Intent Due Date(s): 30 days prior the application due date Application Due Date(s): November 7, 2017; November 7, 2018; November 7, 2019 Scientific Merit Review: February 2018; February 2019; February 2020  Advisory Council Review: 2018; 2019; 2020 Earliest Start Date: June 2018 Expiration Date: November 8, 2019 are other changes this FOA. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Kathleen Michels, Ph.D. Fogarty International Center FIC) Telephone: 301-496-1653 Email: brainfic@nih.gov

Notice Change Key Dates RFA-NS-17-024 Clinical Research Sites the Network Excellence Neuroscience Clinical Trials NeuroNEXT sites) U24)" Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-035 Key Dates Release Date: July 18, 2017 Related Announcements RFA-NS-17-024 Issued National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Purpose purpose this Notice to change Key Dates RFA-NS-17-024, quot;Clinical Research Sites the Network Excellence Neuroscience Clinical Trials NeuroNEXT sites) U24)". Part 1. Overview Information Key Dates Currently reads: Open Date Earliest Submission Date) August 1, 2017 Letter Intent Due Date August 1, 2017 Application Due Date(s) September 1, 2017, 5:00 PM local time applicant organization. types non-AIDS applications allowed this funding opportunity announcement due this date. late applications be accepted the Funding Opportunity Announcement. Applicants encouraged apply early allow adequate time make any corrections errors found the application during submission process the due date. Expiration Date September 2, 2017 Modified read: Open Date Earliest Submission Date) August 26, 2017 Letter Intent Due Date August 26, 2017 Application Due Date(s) September 26, 2017, 5:00 PM local time applicant organization. types non-AIDS applications allowed this funding opportunity announcement due this date. late applications be accepted the Funding Opportunity Announcement. Applicants encouraged apply early allow adequate time make any corrections errors found the application during submission process the due date. Expiration Date September 27, 2017 nbsp; other aspects this FOA remain same. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Codrin Lungu, MD National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Telephone: 301-496-9135 Email: lunguci@ninds.nih.gov nbsp;

Notice Intent Reissue Funding Opportunity Announcement the NIH Blueprint Diversity Specialized Predoctoral Postdoctoral Advancement Neuroscience D-SPAN) Award F99/K00) Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-033 Key Dates Release Date: July 6, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: August 2017  First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017  Earliest Estimated Award Date: July 2018  Earliest Estimated Start Date: July 2018  Related Announcements RFA-NS-18-007 Issued NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov) National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Dental Craniofacial Research NIDCR) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Environmental Health Sciences NIEHS) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Nursing Research NINR) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) Office Behavioral Social Sciences Research OBSSR) Purpose NINDS, other NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research Institutes Centers ICs), intends reissue initiative RFA-NS-17-009. program designed facilitate completion the doctoral dissertation transition talented graduate students strong neuroscience research postdoctoral positions are diverse backgrounds underrepresented neuroscience research. Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful mentoring teams responsive projects. overall objectives the program not changed, however, potential applicants expect minor changes improve clarity the previous announcement.  FOA expected be published Summer 2017 an expected application due date December 2017. FOA utilize F99/K00 activity code. Details the planned FOA provided below. Research Initiative Details D-SPAN F99/K00 award intended diverse individuals have demonstrated interest a neuroscience research career. research areas within NIH Blueprint mission-relevant fields and/or BRAIN Initiative research areas encouraged. Applicants will need 1-2 years complete Ph.D. dissertation research training F99 phase) the time potential award July 2018) intend apply and transition a mentored postdoctoral research training experience K00 phase) should begin consider applying this reissued RFA. APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Michelle Jones-London, PhD National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Telephone: 301-451-7966 Email: jonesmiche@ninds.nih.gov

Notice Intent Publish Funding Opportunity Announcement Innovative Approaches Technologies Investigate Regional, Structural Functional Heterogeneity Small Blood Lymphatic Vessels the CNS Retina R01) Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-030 Key Dates Release Date: June 20, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: October 2017  First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017  Earliest Estimated Award Date: July 2018 Earliest Estimated Start Date: July 2018 Related Announcements RFA-NS-18-003 Issued National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/) National Center Advancing Translational Sciences NCATS) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Dental Craniofacial Research NIDCR) National Institute Environmental Health Sciences NIEHS) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Nursing Research NINR) Office Behavioral Social Sciences Research OBSSR) Purpose NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research intends promote new initiative publishing Funding Opportunity Announcement FOA) solicit applications research CNS small blood lymphatic vessels facilitate: development tools technology image, profile map CNS small blood lymphatic vessels; elucidate mechanisms underlying development differentiation; elucidate mechanisms underlying structural functional heterogeneity differential susceptibility injury; role CNS physiology including sleep, development, aging), disease repair processes; responses therapy. Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful collaborations responsive projects.  FOA expected be published October 2017 an expected application due date December 2017. FOA utilize R01 activity code. Details the planned FOA provided below. Research Initiative Details Notice encourages investigators expertise insights this area mechanistic, technology development, clinical studies focused small blood lymphatic vessels the Central Nervous System CNS, including retina) begin consider applying this new FOA. Multidisciplinary teams complementary expertise CNS cutting-edge imaging, neurovascular biology, immunology, biomarker development be encouraged these investigators encouraged apply this application. Studies focused biomarker development small vessel vascular contributions cognitive impairment dementia VCID) mechanistic basis diffuse white matter disease VCID be in scope the new announcement, they covered earlier FOAs RFA-NS-16-019, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-019.html; RFA-NS-16-020, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-020.html; RFA-NS-16-021, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-021.html). However, topics still high interest the NINDS applicants apply under Parent R01 R21 mechanisms. FOA aims encourage technology tools development innovative approaches address mechanisms drive CNS small blood lymphatic vessels complex local specialization structural functional heterogeneity, interactions their micro- macro-environment, their response physiological pathological challenges, therapies, using novel approaches tools. scientific area cuts across several CNS diseases within NIH Blueprint Institutes’ mission, such lacunar stroke, CNS microbleeds, traumatic brain injury, brain edema, CNS infection, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, stress, other psychiatric diseases, drug alcohol abuse, retinal vasculopathy, periodontal disease nerve damage, childhood small vessel CNS vasculitis, CNS complications preeclampsia, chronic pain, spinal cord disorders, many disorders, includes complementary integrative health approaches. Applicants strongly encouraged consult NINDS program staff plans an application being developed.APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Francesca Bosetti, Pharm.D., Ph.D. National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Telephone: 301-496-1431 Email: frances@mail.nih.gov

Notice Intent Publish Funding Opportunity Announcement Human Studies Target Identification, Biomarkers Disease Mechanisms Specific Small Blood Lymphatic Vessels the CNS Retina R01) Notice Number: NOT-NS-17-031 Key Dates Release Date: June 20, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: October 2017 First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017 Earliest Estimated Award Date: July 2018  Earliest Estimated Start Date: July 2018 Related Announcements RFA-NS-18-004 Issued National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov) National Center Advancing Translational Sciences NCATS) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Dental Craniofacial Research NIDCR) National Institute Environmental Health Sciences NIEHS) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Nursing Research NINR) Office Behavioral Social Sciences Research OBSSR) Purpose NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research intends promote new initiative publishing Funding Opportunity Announcement FOA) solicit applications research facilitate development tools technology non-invasive imaging profiling human CNS small blood lymphatic vessels to investigate using novel approaches role CNS physiology including sleep, development aging), disease repair processes, their responses therapy. Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful collaborations responsive projects.  FOA expected be published October 2017 an expected application due date December 2017. FOA utilize R01 activity code. Details the planned FOA provided below. Research Initiative Details Notice encourages investigators expertise insights mechanistic, technology development, clinical studies focused small blood lymphatic vessels the Central Nervous System CNS, including retina) begin consider applying this new FOA. Multidisciplinary teams complementary expertise CNS cutting-edge imaging, neurovascular biology, immunology, biomarker development be encouraged these investigators encouraged apply this application. Studies focused biomarker development small vessel vascular contributions cognitive impairment dementia VCID) mechanistic basis diffuse white matter disease VCID be in scope the new announcement, they covered earlier FOAs RFA-NS-16-019, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-019.html; RFA-NS-16-020, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-020.html; RFA-NS-16-021, https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-16-021.html). However, topics still high interest the NINDS applicants apply under Parent R01 R21 mechanisms. FOA enable development translation humans novel tools, technology, biomarkers, non-invasive imaging techniques, targets, order structurally functionally characterize CNS small blood lymphatic vessels, well diagnose treat dysfunction, across life span. scientific area cuts across several CNS diseases within NIH Blueprint Institutes’ mission, such lacunar stroke, CNS microbleeds, traumatic brain injury, brain edema, CNS infection, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, stress, other psychiatric diseases, drug alcohol abuse, retinal vasculopathy, periodontal disease nerve damage, childhood small vessel CNS vasculitis, CNS complications preeclampsia, chronic pain, spinal cord disorders, many disorders, includes complementary integrative health approaches. Studies animal models be considered of scope. Applicants strongly encouraged consult NINDS program staff below) plans an application being developed. APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Francesca Bosetti, Pharm.D., Ph.D. National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) Telephone: 301-496-1431 Email: frances@mail.nih.gov

Notice Intent Publish Funding Opportunity Announcement NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research: Dynamic Neuroimmune Interactions the Transition Brain Function Dysfunction R01) Notice Number: NOT-AA-17-006 Key Dates Release Date: June 14, 2017 Estimated Publication Date Announcement: September 2017 First Estimated Application Due Date: December 2017 Earliest Estimated Award Date: September 2018 Earliest Estimated Start Date: September 2018 Related Announcements RFA-AA-18-007 Issued National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism NIAAA) NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/) National Eye Institute NEI) National Institute Aging NIA) National Institute Biomedical Imaging Bioengineering NIBIB) Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health Human Development NICHD) National Institute Drug Abuse NIDA) National Institute Dental Craniofacial Research NIDCR) National Institute Environmental Health Sciences NIEHS) National Institute Mental Health NIMH) National Institute Neurological Disorders Stroke NINDS) National Center Complementary Integrative Health NCCIH) Purpose NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research intends promote new initiative publishing Funding Opportunity Announcement FOA) solicit applications research Dynamic Neuroimmune Interactions the Transition Brain Function Dysfunction. Notice being provided allow potential applicants sufficient time develop meaningful collaborations responsive projects.  FOA expected be published fall 2017 an expected application due date winter 2017. Details the planned FOA provided below. Research Initiative Details Notice encourages investigators expertise insights this area neuroimmune interactions neuroinflammation begin consider applying this new FOA. addition, collaborative investigations combining expertise diverse areas, such neuroscience, neuroimmunology, cutting-edge techniques methods be encouraged these investigators should also begin considering applying this application. goal this FOA to transform our understanding how dynamic interactions among multiple cell types involved neuroimmune inter actions e.g., neurons, glia cells, neurovascular units) mediate transition normal brain function disease conditions. Previous findings markedly advanced our knowledge neuroimmune interactions during normal brain function in context established diseases. However, is lack understanding how multiple neuroimmune components mediate transitions normal brain function the early stages central nervous system CNS) disorders, changes immune signaling integrated neuronal networks, how disease progression orchestrated multiple neuroimmune components. this FOA, encourage projects combine diverse expertise use innovative approaches address questions the molecular, cellular, circuitry levels. outcomes this research provide integrated view the dynamic changes among multiple neuroimmune components how contribute the onset progression CNS disorders. APPLICATIONS NOT BEING SOLICITED THIS TIME. Inquiries Please direct inquiries to: Changhai Cui, PhD National Institute Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism Telephone: 301-443-1678 Email: changhai.cui@nih.gov