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The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH. The over-arching goal of this National Insitute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke R25 program is to support educational activities that complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nations biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs.To accomplish the stated over-arching goal, this FOA will support creative educational activities with a primary focus on research experiences, designed to foster the development of physicians as research scientists in areas relevant to the NINDS mission. The research experiences will prepare clinicians to successfully compete for individual NIH mentored career development awards, or where appropriate, independent research awards. This FOA will also support educational activities such that participants of the R25 are expected to attend and participate in an annual workshop specific to this FOA to present their work, discuss progress and plans towards transitioning to the next career stage and to network with other researchers and leaders in their fields. Such success will facilitate their transition from resident/fellow to physician-scientist, and will thus foster retention of a cadre of physician-scientists who will conduct research into the mechanisms of, etiology, and treatment of neurological diseases.

This NOFO would support investigations with a minimum of two relevant co-pathologies (e.g., tau, alpha-synuclein, TDP-43, TMEM106B, vascular), with optional risk factors and co-morbidities, to identify cellular and molecular mechanisms of how/why multi-proteinopathy interactions drive worsening neurodegenerative processes and phenotypic outcomes. Studies should examine co-pathology cellular and molecular interactions across brain regions and time in proximate cell population, across various intracellular dynamics and localization, and upstream and downstream from aggregated protein states to determine what events lead to worse phenotypic outcomes.

This FOA would support establishing deeper mechanistic insight and causal relationships between TDP-43 pathology and phenotypic outcomes, as well as mechanistic interactions between TDP-43 and other co-pathologies, such TMEM106B. Additionally, it would include comparisons (including mechanistic, molecular, structural, cellular, genetic, -omic, anatomical, neuropathological, etc.) between TDP-43 proteinopathies, including LATE, with or without AD-NC, and FTD and/or ALS.

The Transformative Research to Address Health Disparities and Advance Health Equity initiative is soliciting applications to support unusually innovative intervention research addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) which, if successful, would have a major impact on preventing, reducing, or eliminating health disparities and advancing health equity. Projects should clearly demonstrate, based on the strength of the logic, a compelling potential to produce a major impact on advancing NIHs commitment to addressing SDOH to accelerate progress in improving health for all. Preliminary data are not required for this initiative.

(Reissue PAR-21-056) The purpose of this Program Announcement (PAR) is to enable analytical validation of strong candidate biomarkers for neurological diseases and conditions. Specifically, the goal of this PAR is to enable the rigorous validation of analytical methods for biomarker measurements, including evaluation of the detection method, its performance characteristics, and the optimal conditions that will generate reproducibility and accuracy consistent with FDA guidelines. This PAR assumes that 1) a candidate biomarker has already been identified, 2) detection method technology has already been developed, and 3) the research and/or clinical need and potential context of use has been identified.

The purpose of this Program Announcement (PAR) is to enable clinical validation of strong candidate biomarkers for neurological diseases and conditions. Specifically, the goal of this PAR is to enable the rigorous validation of biomarker measurements within the clinical population of interest to establish the positive and negative predictive values of the candidate biomarker consistent with FDA guidelines. This PAR assumes that 1) a candidate biomarker has already been identified, 2) detection method technology has already been developed and analytically validated, and 3) the research and/or clinical need and potential context of use has been identified.

(Reissue PAR-21-058). The purpose of this Program Announcement (PAR) is to enable clinical validation of strong candidate biomarkers for neurological diseases and conditions. Specifically, the goal of this PAR is to enable the rigorous validation of biomarker measurements within the clinical population of interest to establish the positive and negative predictive values of the candidate biomarker consistent with FDA guidelines. This PAR assumes that 1) a candidate biomarker has already been identified, 2) detection method technology has already been developed and analytically validated, and 3) the research and/or clinical need and potential context of use has been identified.

(Reissue PAR-21-057) The purpose of this Program Announcement (PAR) is to enable analytical validation of strong candidate biomarkers for neurological diseases and conditions. Specifically, the goal of this PAR is to enable the rigorous validation of analytical methods for biomarker measurements, including evaluation of the detection method, its performance characteristics, and the optimal conditions that will generate reproducibility and accuracy consistent with FDA guidelines. This PAR assumes that 1) a candidate biomarker has already been identified, 2) detection method technology has already been developed, and 3) the research and/or clinical need and potential context of use has been identified.

The NIH Office of Science Policy (OSP) within the Office of the Director (OD) announces the availability of administrative supplements to support 1) research on bioethical issues to develop or support the development of an evidence base that may inform future policy directions, and/or 2) certain efforts to develop or augment bioethics research capacity. Applicants may propose to supplement parent awards focused on bioethics or to add a component related to bioethics in a biomedical and/or health-related behavioral research study. The bioethics question, issue, or topic must be clearly articulated. Note that applications must be within the general scope of the parent award.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) participating Institutes and Centers (ICs), in collaboration with the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases (GACD), invite applications for implementation research focused on addressing risk factors for common noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in World Bank-defined low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) Tribal Nation populations in the United States. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) supports innovative approaches to identifying, understanding, developing, and implementingstrategies for overcoming barriers to the adoption, adaptation, integration, scale-up, and sustainability of evidence-based interventions, tools, policies, and guidelines. In addition, studies to advance dissemination and implementation research methods and measures into application are encouraged. Specifically, this FOA invites applications that propose implementation research targeted to reducing the risks of NCDs in the context of cities in LMICs and/or among AI/AN Tribal Nation populations in cities in the United States, with the potential to equip policymakers and practitioners with evidence-based strategies for prevention and/or management of NCDs among disadvantaged populations globally. In the context of this FOA, "cities" include urban centers, informal settlements and slums, and periurban areas.