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-Purpose. This FOA encourages investigator-initiated applications designed to exploit the power of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model for biomedical and behavioral research.Applications proposing to develop new genetic screens of high priority to the zebrafish community that will advance the detection and characterization of genes, pathways, and phenotypes of interest in development and aging, organ formation, neural processes, behavior, sensory processes, physiological processes, and disease processes are welcome.This effort stems from an NIH initiative developed by the Institutes and Centers of the Trans-NIH Zebrafish Coordinating Committee (TZCC) under the co-chairmanship of NICHD and NIDDK. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) grant mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose. This FOA encourages investigator-initiated applications designed to exploit the power of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model for biomedical and behavioral research.Applications proposing to develop new research tools or techniques that are of high priority to the zebrafish community and that will advance the detection and characterization of genes, pathways, and phenotypes of interest in development and aging, organ formation, neural processes, behavior, sensory processing, physiological processes, and disease processes are welcome.This effort stems from an NIH initiative developed by the Institutes and Centers of the Trans-NIH Zebrafish Coordinating Committee (TZCC) under the co-chairmanship of NICHD and NIDDK. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) grant mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

-Purpose.NINDS Center Core Grants will support centralized resources and facilities shared by investigators with existing NINDS-funded research projects.Each Center will be composed of one or more research cores, each of which will enrich the effectiveness of ongoing research, and promote new research directions.There should be no overlap between the requested core facilities and other pre-existing core facilities. -Mechanism of Support.This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will use the NIH Center Core Grants (P30) award mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary.NINDS has not specified a maximum number of awards or a maximum total amount of funding that will be awarded under this FOA.

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is issued as an initiative of the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research. The Neuroscience Blueprint is a collaborative framework through which 16 NIH Institutes, Centers and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, with the aim of accelerating discoveries and reducing the burden of nervous system disorders (for further information, see http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/). Applications are solicited for support of projects that will develop probes, instrumentation, and other tools for understanding, monitoring, and manipulating nervous system plasticity. This FOA will focus on the development of tools or techniques that will significantly advance the current state of the art in neuroplasticity research. Although applications will not be restricted to a particular type of technology, we are especially interested in applications that seek to harness the ability to assess and manipulate activity with exquisite subcellular resolution, and in cells specified by their circuit connectivity and/or transmitter phenotype. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an SBIR FOA that will be posted at a later date.

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages grant applications proposing the development and conduct of innovative, collaborative research and research training projects, between High Income country (HIC) and low- to middle-income country (LMIC) scientists, on nervous system function and disorders throughout life, relevant to LMICs. The collaborative research programs are expected to contribute to the long-term goals of building sustainable research capacity in LMICs to address nervous system development, function and impairment throughout life and to lead to diagnostics, treatment and prevention strategies that are applicable worldwide. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PAR-08-113, that encourages applications under the Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21) award mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Applications will be considered for award by the listed NIH ICs or partner organizations according to their stated interests.The FIC will not award R01s but will consider co-funding R01s to be awarded by the funding partners. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary.The total amount to be awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.The anticipated number of awards is six to ten.

-Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages exploratory/developmental planning grant applications proposing the development of innovative, collaborative research and research training projects, between high income country (HIC) and low- to middle-income country (LMIC) scientists, on brain and other nervous system function and disorders throughout life, relevant to LMICs. The planning grants are expected to lead to full research programs which contribute to the long-term goals of building sustainable research capacity in LMICs to address nervous system development, function and impairment throughout life and to lead to diagnostics, prevention, and treatment strategies that are applicable worldwide. -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/ Developmental (R21) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PAR-08-112, which encourages applications under the R01 grant mechanism. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The anticipated number of awards is six to 15; however, awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the application received.

-Purpose. The Jointly Sponsored NIH Predoctoral Training Program in the Neurosciences supports broad and fundamental, early-stage graduate research training in the neurosciences via institutional NRSA research training grants (T32) at domestic institutions of higher education.Trainees are supported during years 1 and 2 of their graduate training when they are typically not committed to a dissertation laboratory. The primary objective is to prepare qualified individuals for careers in neuroscience that have a significant impact on the health-related research needs of the Nation. -Mechanism of Support. This funding opportunity will use the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) T32 award mechanism. Institutional NRSA training grants may not be transferred from one institution to another. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research training will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the number, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIINDS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute on Aging (NIA), and National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/ organizations that propose to find brain mechanisms to improve and develop new approaches to functional recovery after stroke. While stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, it is the leading cause of long-term disability in the American population. The Stroke Progress Review Group in 2006 identified the problem of brain repair and rehabilitation after stroke as a major priority for stroke research. In the last decade the major research efforts were directed toward treatment of the acute stroke: reestablishing perfusion of the affected areas, and minimizing the neuronal damage. With the advance of acute stroke treatment, the issues of functional restoration and post-stroke rehabilitation have become increasingly important. At the same time, our understanding of brain responses to stroke-induced damage, brain repair and functional recovery remains relatively poor. Post-stroke rehabilitation is a significant component of stroke treatment in the clinic. Nonetheless, most rehabilitation practices are empirical, rely on behavioral approaches, and are not based on data from large-scale randomized, controlled clinical trials. Relatively little research has been done on the mechanisms of brain repair and plasticity and their relation to behavioral and functional recovery, which are crucial for patients with lifetime consequences of this catastrophic event. This FOA seeks to expand studies on basic brain mechanisms of repair and plasticity after stroke, and on factors that influence these mechanisms. In addition, methods and approaches to improve and enhance reparative processes may be investigated, toward the goal of optimizing and developing promising new approaches to rehabilitation and functional recovery after stroke.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIINDS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute on Aging (NIA), and National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), solicits Exploratory/Developmental Grant (R21) applications from institutions/ organizations that propose to find brain mechanisms to improve and develop new approaches to functional recovery after stroke. While stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, it is the leading cause of long-term disability in the American population. The Stroke Progress Review Group in 2006 identified the problem of brain repair and rehabilitation after stroke as a major priority for stroke research. In the last decade the major research efforts were directed toward treatment of the acute stroke: reestablishing perfusion of the affected areas, and minimizing the neuronal damage. With the advance of acute stroke treatment, the issues of functional restoration and post-stroke rehabilitation have become increasingly important. At the same time, our understanding of brain responses to stroke-induced damage, brain repair and functional recovery remains relatively poor. Post-stroke rehabilitation is a significant component of stroke treatment in the clinic. Nonetheless, most rehabilitation practices are empirical, rely on behavioral approaches, and are not based on data from large-scale randomized, controlled clinical trials. Relatively little research has been done on the mechanisms of brain repair and plasticity and their relation to behavioral and functional recovery, which are crucial for patients with lifetime consequences of this catastrophic event. This FOA seeks to expand studies on basic brain mechanisms of repair and plasticity after stroke, and on factors that influence these mechanisms. In addition, methods and approaches to improve and enhance reparative processes may be investigated, toward the goal of optimizing and developing promising new approaches to rehabilitation and functional recovery after stroke.

-Purpose.This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), issued by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Cancer Institute (NCI), and National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) solicits research grant applications to study neuroimmune molecules and mechanisms involved in regulating normal and pathological functions of the central nervous system (CNS). -Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-08-098, that solicits applications under the Exploratory/Development (R21) grant mechanism.Applications of related or identical scientific scope are also solicited under the Small Research Grant (R03) award mechanism in response to FOA PA-06-180. -Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.