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Purpose. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are cooperating to facilitate biomedical research in space for better understanding of human physiology and human health on Earth. The NIH uses this FOA to publicize the availability of the International Space Station (ISS) as a National Laboratory, and to announce the NIH BioMed-ISS program encouraging investigator-initiated applications for biomedical research that will use the unique microgravity and radiation environment and resources of the ISS to test innovative hypotheses for the potential benefit of human health on Earth. Applications to this FOA should propose innovative biomedical research on the molecular or cellular level that is directly relevant to the NIH mission and can be carried out on the ISS. Awards made through this FOA will initially support milestone-driven, ground based preparatory studies (UH2 ground feasibility phase), with possible rapid transition to the second, ISS-based research phase (UH3 ISS experimental phase). The ground feasibility phase (UH2) will allow investigators to focus on ground-based preparatory work to meet scientific milestones and technical requirements leading to the ISS experimental phase (UH3). The UH3 phase will include preparing the experiments for launch, conducting them on the ISS, and the subsequent data analyses on Earth. UH3s will be awarded after administrative review of the eligible UH2s that have met the scientific milestones and feasibility requirements necessary to conduct research on the ISS. The UH2/UH3 application must be submitted as a single application, and applicants should note specific instructions for each phase in this FOA. Mechanism of Support. This BioMed-ISS FOA uses the NIH two-phased Exploratory/Developmental (UH2/UH3) cooperative agreement mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of meritorious applications.

Purpose. The NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap Initiative wishes to encourage HTS assay applications from investigators who have the interest and capability to work with the Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) for chemical probe development. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) promotes discovery and development of new chemical probes as research tools for use by scientists in both the public and private sectors to advance the understanding of biological functions and disease mechanisms. This initiative is one of the integrated components of the NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap initiative that offers biomedical researchers access to large-scale automated high throughput screening (HTS) centers in the MLPCN, diverse compound libraries in the Small Molecule Repository (MLSMR) and information on biological activities of small molecules in the PubChem BioAssay public database. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Small Research Grant (R03) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The total number of assays to be selected depends on the scientific merit of applications and the availability of resources within the MLPCN. The MLPCN intends to select and implement 100 HTS assays annually starting in 2008 to support novel and significant probe discovery and development.

Purpose.This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) solicits grant applications from institutions/ organizations that propose to establish a genome-wide association study consortium focused on the goal of identifying genes that influence the risk and outcome of ischemic stroke.The NINDS will support one such multi-center consortium.This project will create a permanent global resource, via the Database of Genotype and Phenotype (dbGAP), of genotyping data of rigorously phenotyped ischemic stroke cases.The proposed study should concentrate on using existing DNA sample sets.Each application submitted in response to this FOA must include plans to establish:(i) a Data Coordinating Center (DCC) and (ii) Genetic Research Centers (GRC) that together would be able to make available a sufficient number of genotyped and uniformly phenotyped samples to provide statistical power for a meaningful GWAS analysis (6,000 or more samples is an estimate of an appropriate sample size).The Consortium should develop standardized, validated, and easily replicated methods to assign stroke subtypes for this GWAS analysis.The samples submitted for this GWAS should be accompanied by clinical data to support the endophenotyping in this study and more importantly, to enable the utilization of the data from these study in future subtype-specific studies.The goal of this announcement is not only to enable an initial exploration of genes that affect susceptibility and outcome, but also to create a national resource of high quality information for data mining, replication studies, and future hypothesis generation.

Purpose.On February 26, 2004, Executive Order 13329 (http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gp…) was signed by President George W. Bush requiring SBIR/STTR agencies, to the extent permitted by law and in a manner consistent with the mission of the Department, to give high priority within the SBIR and STTR programs to manufacturing-related research and development (R&D).In response to this Executive Order, NIH is expanding its focus by encouraging eligible United States small business concerns to submit SBIR Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track grant applications whose biomedical research is related to advanced processing, manufacturing processes, equipment and systems, and manufacturing workforce skills and protection. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-114, which encourages applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose.On February 26, 2004, Executive Order 13329 (http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gp…) was signed by President George W. Bush requiring SBIR/STTR agencies, to the extent permitted by law and in a manner consistent with the mission of the Department, to give high priority within the SBIR and STTR programs to manufacturing-related research and development (R&D).In response to this Executive Order, NIH is expanding its focus by encouraging eligible United States small business concerns to submit STTR Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track grant applications whose biomedical research is related to advanced processing, manufacturing processes, equipment and systems, and manufacturing workforce skills and protection. Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-113, that encourages applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) invites eligible United States small business concerns (SBCs) to submit Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications. United States SBCs that have the research capabilities and technological expertise to contribute to the R&D mission(s) of the NIH, CDC, FDA and ACF awarding components identified in this FOA are encouraged to submit SBIR grant applications in response to identified topics (see PHS 2009-2 SBIR/STTR Program Descriptions and Research Topics for NIH, CDC, FDA and ACF.) Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, Fast-Track, and Phase II Competing Renewal applications (NIH only), and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-081, that solicits applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms. Note: STTR applications are accepted ONLY by the NIH.The CDC, FDA and ACF do not participate in the STTR program. SBIR Fast-Track and Phase II Competing Renewal grant applications are accepted by the NIH only.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invites eligible United States small business concerns (SBCs) to submit Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grant applications. United States SBCs that have the research capabilities and technological expertise to contribute to the R&D mission(s) of the NIH awarding components identified in this FOA are encouraged to submit STTR grant applications in response to identified topics (see PHS 2009-2 SBIR/STTR Program Descriptions and Research Topics for NIH.) Mechanism of Support.This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-080, that encourages applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms. Note: STTR applications are accepted ONLY by the NIH.The CDC, FDA and ACF do not participate in the STTR program.

Purpose: The purpose of the NIH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to provide support and protected time (three, four, or five years) for an intensive, supervised career development experience in the biomedical, behavioral, or clinical sciences leading to research independence. The goal of the NINDS K01 is to diversify the pool of independent neuroscience research investigators. The NINDS recognizes the unique and compelling need to promote diversity in participation in neuroscience research and expects these efforts to diversify the neuroscience research workforce to lead to the recruitment of the most talented researchers from all groups. Prospective applicants are encouraged to contact NINDS staff for programmatic and budgetary information. Mechanism of Support: This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the NIH Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) mechanism.

Purpose. The aim of this FOA issued by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is to facilitate the discovery of new small molecule probes for investigating biological function in the nervous system by providing funding for advanced medicinal chemistry and the biological testing of compounds. Eligible Investigators will have identified probe candidates via screening of small molecule collections, using in vitro assays of biological activity developed to interrogate these collections, and be able to show that the structural features of these small molecules are related to their biological activity.Project proposals should nominate small molecule probe candidates from distinct structural series for the further, iterative design and testing of analogues in structure-activity relationship studies, using in vitro assays of biological function adapted to the medium throughput screening requirements of this work.These studies should have the goal of developing a small molecule probe possessing the attributes (eg: affinity, selectivity, activity) required for its use in future pharmacological studies proposed by the investigator. Applicants are strongly encouraged to utilize publicly available cheminformatic capabilities for the acquisition of compounds, and semi-custom synthesis of analogues, which is required of these studies. Mechanism of Support. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the R21 grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. For NINDS approximately $1 million will be available for this FOA in 2009. For NIAAA approximately $250,000 will be available, and for NIDA approximately $500,000 will be available. NINDS anticipates making approximately 4 awards in response to this FOA. NIAAA anticipates making one award, and NIDA anticipates making 2-3 awards.Because the scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size of each award will also vary.The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. The total project period for an application submitted in response to this funding opportunity may not exceed two years.Direct costs are limited to $150,000 per year. It is anticipated that the budget will be divided equally between the biology and chemistry components of the proposal. Application Research Plan Component Length: The R21 application Research Plan component of the PHS398 (Items 2-5) may not exceed 15 pages, including tables, graphs, figures, diagrams, and charts. See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/funding_program.htm. Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Institutions/organizations listed in Section III, 1.A. are eligible to apply. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI (i.e., multiple PDs/PIs) may be designated on the application. Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct Resubmissions.Resubmission applications are not permitted in response to this FOA. Renewals. Renewal applications are not permitted in response to this FOA.

Purpose. The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage applications to pursue translational and pilot clinical studies for neural prosthetics. The program will utilize the cooperative agreement mechanism to enable support for milestone-driven projects for the design, development, and demonstration of clinically-useful neural prosthetic devices.Activities supported in this program include implementation of clinical prototype devices, preclinical safety and efficacy testing, design verification and validation activities, pursuit of regulatory approval for clinical study, and proof-of-concept or pilot clinical studies. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the U01 Research Project Cooperative Agreement grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-09-064, that encourages fast-track or phase II applications for cooperative agreements under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) cooperative agreement mechanism (U44). Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received. Budget and Project Period. Budgets for direct costs per year will depend upon specific project requirements, and project duration of up to five years may be requested. The maximum direct costs for any single year may not exceed $1,000,000 per year Application Research Plan Component Length. Applications submitted in response to this FOA for Advanced Neural Prosthetics Research and Development projects (U01) are limited to 25 pages for sections 2-5 of PHS 398. Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Institutions/organizations listed in Section III, 1.A. are eligible to apply. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided that each application is scientifically distinct. Resubmissions. Applicants may submit a resubmission application, but such application must include an Introduction addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).Beginning with applications intended for the January 25, 2009 official submission due date, all original new applications (i.e., never submitted) and competing renewal applications will be permitted only a single amendment (A1). See http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-09-003.html and NOT-OD-09-016.Original new and competing renewal applications that were submitted prior to January 25, 2009 will be permitted two amendments (A1 and A2).For these grandfathered applications, NIH expects that any A2 will be submitted no later than January 7, 2011, and NIH will not accept A2 applications after that date. Renewals. Applicants may submit a renewal (formally competing continuation) application if the proposed research is a logical progression of the currently funded NIH U01 project.