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Purpose. This FOA solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations proposing exceptionally innovative research on novel hypotheses or difficult problems, solutions to which would have an extremely high impact on biomedical or biobehavioral research that is germane to the mission of one or more of the participating NIH Institutes. This FOA is for support of new projects, not continuation of projects that have already been initiated. It does not support pilot projects, i.e., projects of limited scope that are designed primarily to generate data that will enable the PI to seek other funding. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. NIGMS ($6 million, 18-22 awards), NCI ($3 million, 9-11 awards), NIA ($1 million, 2-3 awards), NIAAA ($600,000, 2 awards), NIDCR ($800,000, 2-3 awards), NIDA ($1 million, 3-4 awards), NIMH ($3 million, 8-12 awards), NINDS ($2 million, 6 awards), and NLM ($985,000, 3 awards) are participating in this initiative. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA), issued by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the NIDA, NIAID, NIMH, NINDS, NIDCD, NHLBI, and NIAAA solicits competing renewal applications to provide support for the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS) to continue the observational cohorts developed during the first competitive funding cycle. These cohorts address two critical issues in HIV research:the long-term safety of in utero exposure to multiple antiretroviral drugs in HIV-exposed but uninfected children, and the interactive effects of HIV and its treatments on perinatally infected children and adolescents. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Cooperative Research Project Grant (U01) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. The NICHD intends to commit approximately $5,400,000, NIDA intends to commit approximately $3,400,000, NIAID intends to commit approximately $2,000,000, NIMH intends to commit approximately $1,200,000, NINDS intends to commit approximately $750,000, NIDCD intends to commit approximately $650,000, NHLBI intends to commit approximately $600,000, and NIAAA intends to commit approximately $250,000 in total costs [Direct plus Facilities and Administrative (F & A) costs] in FY 2010 to support 2 competing grants in response to this FOA, one as the PHACS Coordinating Center (CC) and the other as the PHACS Data and Operations Center (DOC). Budget and Project Period.An applicant for the PHACS CC may request a project period of up to 5 years and an expected first-year budget for direct costs of up to $760,000 per year. An applicant for the PHACS DOC may request a project period of up to 5 years and an expected first-year budget for direct costs of up to $12,400,000 per year (note: clinical site consortium indirect costs are included in direct cost line under subcontracts in DOC budget). Additional funds may become available from current co-sponsors or other NIH institutes. Eligible Institutions/Organizations. This is a limited solicitation made available to the grantees funded under the first PHACS RFA (HD-05-018) as a recompetition for an additional award of up to five years. Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support.

Purpose This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop new small molecule probes for investigating biological function in the nervous system via the application of advanced medicinal chemistry and the biological testing of compounds. Eligible SBCs will have identified probe candidates via screening of small molecule collections, using in vitro assays of biological activity developed to interrogate these collections, and be able to show that the structural features of these small molecules are related to their biological activity. Applications should nominate small molecule probe candidates from distinct structural series for the further, iterative design and testing of analogues in structure-activity relationship studies, using in vitro assays of biological function adapted to the medium throughput screening requirements of this work. These studies should have the goal of developing a small molecule probe possessing the attributes (eg: affinity, selectivity, activity) required for its use in future pharmacological studies proposed by the SBC. Applicants are strongly encouraged to utilize publicly available cheminformatic capabilities for the acquisition of compounds, and semi-custom synthesis of analogues, which is required of these studies. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41) grant mechanism for Phase I, and runs in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope that encourage applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43) grant mechanism (PAR-09-260, and the R21 grant mechanism (PAR-09-251). Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose to develop new small molecule probes for investigating biological function in the nervous system via the application of advanced medicinal chemistry and the biological testing of compounds. Eligible SBCs will have identified probe candidates via screening of small molecule collections, using in vitro assays of biological activity developed to interrogate these collections, and be able to show that the structural features of these small molecules are related to their biological activity. Applications should nominate small molecule probe candidates from distinct structural series for the further, iterative design and testing of analogues in structure-activity relationship studies, using in vitro assays of biological function adapted to the medium throughput screening requirements of this work. These studies should have the goal of developing a small molecule probe possessing the attributes (eg: affinity, selectivity, activity) required for its use in future pharmacological studies proposed by the SBC. Applicants are strongly encouraged to utilize publicly available cheminformatic capabilities for the acquisition of compounds, and semi-custom synthesis of analogues. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43) grant mechanism for Phase I, and runs in parallel with FOAs of identical scientific scope that encourage applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41) grant mechanism (PAR-09-259), and the R21 grant mechanism (PAR-09-251). Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical informatics and computational biology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here, biomedical informatics and computational biology includes database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational and mathematical research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical computational models and simulations. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R21 grant mechanism. This FOA is intended to support exploratory biomedical informatics and computational biology researchapplications should be innovative, with high risk/high impact in new areas that are lacking preliminary data or development. Applications for R21 awards should describe projects distinct from those supported through the traditional R01 mechanism. For example, long-term projects or projects designed to increase knowledge in a well-established area will not be considered for R21 awards. This initiative is run in parallel with announcements with similar scientific scope for R01 research PAR-09-218, as well as small business innovation research (SBIR) PAR-09-220 and small business technology transfer research (STTR) PAR-09-221. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

Purpose. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite new and renewal grant applications for Specialized Programs of Translational Research in Acute Stroke (SPOTRIAS). The intent of the SPOTRIAS is to support a collaboration of clinical researchers from different specialties whose collective efforts will lead to new approaches to early diagnosis and treatment of acute stroke patients. The goal of the SPOTRIAS will be to reduce the disability of and mortality in stroke patients by promoting rapid diagnosis and effective interventions. Mechanism of Support. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will utilize the P50 grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. This FOA issued by participating institutes of the National Institutes of Health, encourages research grant applications from institutions/ organizations that propose to develop new small molecule probes for investigating biological function in the nervous system via the application of advanced medicinal chemistry and the biological testing of compounds. Eligible investigators will have identified probe candidates via screening of small molecule collections, using in vitro assays of biological activity developed to interrogate these collections, and be able to show that the structural features of these small molecules are related to their biological activity. Proposals should nominate small molecule probe candidates from distinct structural series for the further, iterative design and testing of analogues in structure-activity relationship studies, using in vitro assays of biological function adapted to the medium throughput screening requirements of this work. These studies should have the goal of developing a small molecule probe possessing the attributes (eg: affinity, selectivity, activity) required for its use in future pharmacological studies proposed by the investigator. Applicants are strongly encouraged to utilize publicly available cheminformatic capabilities for the acquisition of compounds, and semi-custom synthesis of analogues. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism. In the near future, NINDS expects to publish two additional FOAs of identical scientific scope that encourage applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43) grant mechanism and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41) grant mechanism. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism, numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Purpose. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical informatics and computational biology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here, biomedical informatics and computational biology includes database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational and mathematical research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical computational models and simulations. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the R01 grant mechanism. This initiative is run in parallel with announcements with similar scientific scope for R21 high risk/high impact research PAR-09-219, as well as small business innovation research (SBIR) PAR-09-220 and small business technology transfer research (STTR) PAR-09-221. Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards. Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.

Purpose. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose innovative research in biomedical informatics and computational biology to promote the progress of biomedical research. There exists an expanding need to speed the progress of biomedical research through the power of computing to manage and analyze data and to model biological processes. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical computational science and technology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here biomedical computing or biomedical information science and technology includes database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical computational models and simulations. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the SBIR (R43/R44) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope: PAR-09-221 which encourages applications under the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) (R41/R42) grant mechanisms; and with FOAs of similar scientific scope: PAR-09-219 that encourages R21 high risk/high reward research grants; and PAR-09-218 that encourages R01 regular research grants.

Purpose This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) that propose innovative research in biomedical informatics and computational biology to promote the progress of biomedical research. There exists an expanding need to speed the progress of biomedical research through the power of computing to manage and analyze data and to model biological processes. The NIH is interested in promoting research and developments in biomedical computational science and technology that will support rapid progress in areas of scientific opportunity in biomedical research. As defined here biomedical computing or biomedical information science and technology includes database design, graphical interfaces, querying approaches, data retrieval, data visualization and manipulation, data integration through the development of integrated analytical tools, and tools for electronic collaboration, as well as computational research including the development of structural, functional, integrative, and analytical computational models and simulations. Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the STTR (R41/R42) grant mechanisms for Phase I, Phase II, and Fast-Track applications and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope: PAR-09-220 which encourages applications under the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) (R43/R44) grant mechanisms; and with FOAs of similar scientific scope, PAR-09-219 that encourages R21 high risk/high reward research grants; and PAR-09-218 that encourages R01 regular research grants.