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… Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is characterized by the death of the brain's white matter due to softening of the brain tissue. … Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is characterized by the death of the brain's white matter after softening of the brain …
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What is Brown-Sequard syndrome?
Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by a lesion in the spinal cord which results in weakness or paralysis on one side of the body and a loss of sensation on the opposite side. BSS may be caused by a spinal cord tumor, trauma (such as a puncture wound to the neck or back), inadequate or blocked blood flow through a blood vessel to a part of the body, infectious disease such as tuberculosis, or inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis.…
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What is herpes zoster oticus?
Herpes zoster oticus, also known as Ramsay Hunt Syndrome or Ramsay Hunt Syndrome type II, is a common complication of shingles. Shingles is an infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the virus that causes chickenpox. Shingles occurs in people who have had chickenpox and represents a reactivation of the dormant varicella-zoster virus.
Herpes zoster oticus is caused by the spread of the varicella-zoster virus to facial nerves. It is characterized by:
- Intense…
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What are Tarlov cysts?
Tarlov cysts (also known as meningeal cysts or perineural cysts) are fluid-filled sacs that are usually found at the bottom of the spine (the sacrum). The cysts appear in the roots of the nerves that grow out of the spinal cord.
Shock or trauma of the spine, or exertion, can cause spinal fluid in the cysts to build up. Most Tarlov cysts cause no symptoms. However, if these cysts press against the roots of the nerves, they can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
- …
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… On this page What is cerebellar hypoplasia? Cerebellar hypoplasia is a …
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What is cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome?
Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome—also known as COFS syndrome and Pena-Shokeir syndrome, Type II—is an inherited, degenerative disorder that involves the brain, eyes, and spinal cord. COFS syndrome can be detected in fetuses through ultrasound technology or it can be diagnosed at birth.
In most cases, the cause of COFS syndrome is unknown, but some cases have been identified by mutated genes which are thought to be the cause. It is characterized by…