This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) provides resources to facilitate exploratory research on psychosocial/behavioral treatments for autism, as well as innovative services research, including the development of instruments to evaluate the impact of interventions on core features of autism spectrum disorders, and comorbid symptomatology. It is intended to encourage research on: 1) the development and/or pilot testing of new or adapted interventions or instruments, 2) pilot testing interventions with preliminary efficacy data in larger clinical trials, or 3) innovative services research directions that require preliminary testing or development.