The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) has a requirement for an innovative approach to Executive Function (EF) measurement that will be responsive to the needs of researchers in a variety of neurological disorders and settings with a particular emphasis on measuring outcomes in clinical trials. Executive Function (EF) refers to a constellation of cognitive abilities that include the ability to plan, organize, and sequence tasks and manage multiple tasks simultaneously. Appropriate EF also includes components of self-monitoring and self-correcting behaviors. These important behaviors are compromised in healthy elders and in people with neurological, mental and age related disorders, leading to disruption of lifestyle and loss of independence. One obstacle for progressive research in this area of cognition is a paucity of valid and reliable tasks that specifically tap domains of EF.