Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects 3-5 percent of all American children. It interferes with a person's ability to stay on a task and to exercise age-appropriate inhibition (cognitive alone or both cognitive and behavioral). Some of the warning signs of ADHD include failure to listen to instructions, inability to organize oneself and school work, fidgeting with hands and feet, talking too much, leaving projects, chores and homework unfinished, and having trouble paying attention to and responding to details. There are several types of ADHD: a predominantly inattentive subtype, a predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype, and a combined subtype. ADHD is usually diagnosed in childhood, although the condition can continue into the adult years. The usual course of treatment may include medications such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) or dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), which are stimulants that decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity and increase attention. Most experts agree that treatment for ADHD should address multiple aspects of the individual's functioning and should not be limited to the use of medications alone. Treatment should include structured classroom management, parent education (to address discipline and limit-setting), and tutoring and/or behavioral therapy for the child. There is no "cure" for ADHD. Children with the disorder seldom outgrow it; however, some may find adaptive ways to accommodate the ADHD as they mature. Several components of the NIH support research on developmental disorders such as ADHD. Research programs of the NINDS, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) seek to address unanswered questions about the causes of ADHD, as well as to improve diagnosis and treatment. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&term=attention+deficit+disorder[majr]+AND+human[mh]+AND+english[la]+AND+(review[ptyp]+OR+review+literature[mh]+OR+practice+guideline[ptyp]+OR+guideline[ptyp]+OR+clinical+trials[mh]+OR+clinical+trial[ptyp]+OR+consumerj[sb])&db=PubMed&orig_db=PubMed&filters=on&pmfilter_EDatLimit=2+Years http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/attentiondeficitdisorderwithhyperactivity.html 1 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term= /disorders/adhd/pubs_adhd.htm /disorders/adhd/xml_adhd.xml xml_adhd.xml ADHD V2 CHADD - Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

8181 Professional Place

Suite 150 Landover MD 20785 ruth_hughes@chadd.org http://www.chadd.org 301-306-7070 800-233-4050 301-306-7090 Works to improve the lives of people affected by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) through collaborative leadership, advocacy, research, education, and support and offers the National Resource Center on AD/HD at www.help4adhd.org. V595 Attention Deficit Disorder Association (ADDA)

P.O. Box 7557

Wilmington DE 19083-9997 info@add.org http://www.add.org 800-939-1019 800-939-1019 Non-profit organization focused on the needs of adults and young adults with ADD/ADHD, their children, and families. V117 Learning Disabilities Association of America

4156 Library Road

Suite 1 Pittsburgh PA 15234-1349 info@ldaamerica.org http://www.ldaamerica.org 412-341-1515 412-344-0224 Dedicated to identifying causes and promoting prevention of learning disabilities and to enhancing the quality of life for all individuals with learning disabilities and their families by encouraging effective identification and intervention, fostering research, and protecting their rights under the law. V119 National Center for Learning Disabilities

381 Park Avenue South

Suite 1401 New York NY 10016 ncld@ncld.org http://www.ld.org 212-545-7510 888-575-7373 212-545-9665 Provides information to parents, professionals and individuals with learning disabilities, promotes research and programs to foster learning, and advocates for policies to protect and strengthen educational rights and opportunities. V658 National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

National Institutes of Health, DHHS

6001 Executive Blvd. Rm. 8184, MSC 9663 Bethesda MD 20892-9663 nimhinfo@nih.gov http://www.nimh.nih.gov 301-443-4513/866-415-8051 301-443-8431 (TTY) 301-443-4279